Hashemi Sayed Basir, Rajaeefard Abdolreza, Norouzpour Hasan, Tabatabaee Hamid Reza, Monshizadeh Leila
ENT Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IR Iran.
Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2013 Mar;15(3):223-8. doi: 10.5812/ircmj.4033. Epub 2013 Mar 5.
Hearing loss is the most common sensorineural deficiency in human beings. Cochlear implantation is introduced worldwide to treat the severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss, and can result in both speech comprehension and production.
The present study aims to determine the effect of cochlear implantation on the improvement of the auditory performance in 2-7 years old children.
The present follow-up study is a kind of cohort study which was conducted on 98 children between 2-7 years old who had referred to Fars Cochlear Implantation Center. The patients' information was gathered from their profiles both before and after the operation. The auditory performance score was obtained in 3 stages; 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after the cochlear implantation through the Cap test. The data was analyzed using the nonparametric Friedman test as well as Mann-Withney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman's Ranks Correlation coefficients.
The mean and the median of the auditory performance score of the children who had undergone the cochlear implantation revealed a significant improvement from 6 months to 1 year, and 2 years after the implantation. It showed a significant statistical association between implantation age, type of hearing loss, regular reference, and the length of being present in the rehabilitation program with the auditory performance. It showed no significant association between sex, mother's level of education, being monolingual or bilingual, and family size with the auditory performance.
This study revealed that the type of hearing loss, Presence in the rehabilitation program, and the age of cochlear implantation can be major prognostic factors of the response to the treatment, then the country's health policy makers and health planners must executively take into account the infants' hearing screening program during the first 6 month of age.
听力损失是人类最常见的感音神经性缺陷。人工耳蜗植入术在全球范围内被用于治疗重度至极重度感音神经性听力损失，并且能改善言语理解和表达能力。
本研究旨在确定人工耳蜗植入术对2至7岁儿童听觉能力改善的效果。
本随访研究是一项队列研究，对98名2至7岁转诊至法尔斯人工耳蜗植入中心的儿童进行。从患者手术前后的资料中收集信息。通过CAP测试在人工耳蜗植入术后6个月、1年和2年这三个阶段获得听觉能力得分。数据采用非参数Friedman检验以及Mann-Withney、Kruskal-Wallis和Spearman秩相关系数进行分析。
接受人工耳蜗植入术的儿童的听觉能力得分均值和中位数在植入后6个月至1年以及2年时均有显著改善。结果显示植入年龄、听力损失类型、定期复诊以及在康复项目中的时长与听觉能力之间存在显著的统计学关联。结果显示性别、母亲教育程度、单语或双语情况以及家庭规模与听觉能力之间无显著关联。
本研究表明，听力损失类型、参与康复项目情况以及人工耳蜗植入年龄可能是治疗反应的主要预后因素，因此国家卫生政策制定者和卫生规划者必须切实考虑在婴儿6个月大时开展听力筛查项目。
