Wihuri Physical Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, FIN-20014 University of Turku, Finland.
J Phys Condens Matter. 2013 Sep 25;25(38):385702. doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/25/38/385702. Epub 2013 Aug 30.
The quantization of magnetic flux in superconductors is usually seen as vortices penetrating the sample. While vortices are unstable in bulk type I superconductors, restricting the superconductor causes a variety of vortex structures to appear. We present a systematic study of giant vortex states in type I superconductors obtained by numerically solving the Ginzburg-Landau equations. The size of the vortices is seen to increase with decreasing film thickness. In type I superconductors, giant vortices appear at intermediate thicknesses but they do not form a well-defined vortex lattice. In the thinnest type I films, singly quantized vortices seem to be stabilized by the geometry of the sample instead of an increase in the effective Ginzburg-Landau parameter.
在超导体内，磁通量的量子化通常表现为穿透样品的涡旋。虽然涡旋在体相 I 型超导体中是不稳定的，但限制超导体可以导致各种涡旋结构的出现。我们通过数值求解吉布斯-朗道方程，对由限制引起的 I 型超导体中的巨涡旋态进行了系统的研究。我们发现，随着薄膜厚度的减小，涡旋的尺寸会增大。在 I 型超导体中，在中间厚度处会出现巨涡旋，但它们不会形成一个明确的涡旋晶格。在最薄的 I 型薄膜中，单个量子化的涡旋似乎是通过样品的几何形状而稳定的，而不是有效吉布斯-朗道参数的增加。
