Authors' Affiliations: Cluster of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service Amsterdam; Department of Pathology, Vrije Universiteit-University Medical Center (VUmc); Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center; Department of Dermatology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu, RIVM), Bilthoven; and Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013 Oct;22(10):1698-708. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-13-0460.
Men who have sex with men (MSM), in particular HIV-infected MSM, are at increased risk for diseases related to human papilloma virus (HPV). Our goal was to assess the effect of HIV status on the presence of type-specific antibodies against seven high-risk HPV types in HPV-unvaccinated MSM. Moreover, we compared determinants of HPV seropositivity between HIV-negative and HIV-infected MSM.
MSM ≥18 years of age were recruited from the Amsterdam Cohort Studies, a sexually transmitted infection clinic, and an HIV-treatment center in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Participants completed a risk-factor questionnaire; serum samples were analyzed using a fluorescent bead-based multiplex assay.
MSM (n = 795) were recruited in 2010 to 2011; 758 MSM were included in this analysis. Median age was 40.1 years (interquartile range 34.8-47.5) and 308 MSM (40.6%) were HIV-infected. Seroprevalence of HPV-16 was 37.1% in HIV-negative and 62.7% in HIV-infected MSM (P < 0.001); seroprevalence of HPV-18 was 29.1% in HIV-negative MSM and 42.5% in HIV-infected MSM (P < 0.001). Similar patterns of seroprevalence were observed for HPV types 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. In multivariable analyses, HPV seropositivity was associated with HIV infection [adjusted OR = 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.6-2.6]. In multivariable analyses stratified by HIV status, increasing age and number of lifetime male sex partners were significantly associated with HPV seropositivity in HIV-negative, but not HIV-infected MSM.
Seroprevalence of high-risk HPV types is high among unvaccinated MSM.
HIV infection is a strong and independent determinant for HPV seropositivity, which we hypothesize is because of increased persistence of HPV infection in HIV-infected MSM.
男男性行为者（MSM），特别是感染 HIV 的 MSM，感染人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）相关疾病的风险增加。我们的目标是评估 HIV 状态对 HPV 未接种疫苗的 MSM 中七种高危型 HPV 特异性抗体存在的影响。此外，我们比较了 HIV 阴性和 HIV 感染 MSM 之间 HPV 血清阳性的决定因素。
从荷兰阿姆斯特丹的性传播感染诊所和艾滋病毒治疗中心招募了年龄在 18 岁及以上的 MSM。参与者完成了一份危险因素问卷；使用荧光珠基多重分析检测血清样本。
2010 年至 2011 年，共招募了 795 名 MSM；共有 758 名 MSM 纳入了本分析。中位年龄为 40.1 岁（四分位距 34.8-47.5），308 名 MSM（40.6%）感染了 HIV。在 HIV 阴性 MSM 中，HPV-16 的血清阳性率为 37.1%，在 HIV 感染 MSM 中为 62.7%（P <0.001）；在 HIV 阴性 MSM 中，HPV-18 的血清阳性率为 29.1%，在 HIV 感染 MSM 中为 42.5%（P <0.001）。HPV-31、33、45、52 和 58 型的血清阳性率也观察到类似的模式。在多变量分析中，HPV 血清阳性与 HIV 感染相关[调整后的 OR=2.1；95%置信区间，1.6-2.6]。在按 HIV 状态分层的多变量分析中，年龄增长和终生男性性伴侣数量与 HIV 阴性 MSM 的 HPV 血清阳性显著相关，但与 HIV 感染 MSM 无关。
未接种疫苗的 MSM 中高危型 HPV 血清阳性率较高。
HIV 感染是 HPV 血清阳性的一个强有力的独立决定因素，我们推测这是因为 HIV 感染的 MSM 中 HPV 感染的持续时间增加。
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