Arora Yeeshu, Li Yuebing
Division of the Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH.
Hosp Pract (1995). 2013 Oct-Nov;41(4):40-50. doi: 10.3810/hp.2013.10.1079.
Myasthenia gravis is an antibody-mediated disorder of neuromuscular transmission that is characterized by weakness and fatigue of voluntary muscles. Weakness may be ocular, bulbar, or generalized. Diagnostic evaluation of patients consists of bedside assessment, antibody testing, and electrophysiologic studies. Various therapeutic options are available, which consist of anticholinesterase inhibitors for symptomatic management, immunosuppressive agents as maintenance therapy, and thymectomy. Plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin are used in patients in crisis or those with rapidly worsening or refractory symptoms. In our article, we elaborate on key aspects of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic evaluation, and therapeutic options for patients with myasthenia gravis.
重症肌无力是一种由抗体介导的神经肌肉传递障碍疾病,其特征为随意肌的无力和疲劳。无力症状可能局限于眼部、延髓部或全身性。对患者的诊断评估包括床边评估、抗体检测和电生理研究。有多种治疗选择,包括用于症状管理的抗胆碱酯酶抑制剂、作为维持治疗的免疫抑制剂以及胸腺切除术。血浆置换和静脉注射免疫球蛋白用于处于危象的患者或症状迅速恶化或难治的患者。在我们的文章中,我们详细阐述了重症肌无力患者的流行病学、发病机制、诊断评估和治疗选择等关键方面。