添加盐析剂从水溶液中去除农药。

Pesticide removal from aqueous solutions by adding salting out agents.

机构信息

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Oct 18;14(10):20954-65. doi: 10.3390/ijms141020954.

DOI:10.3390/ijms141020954

PMID:24145747

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3821652/

Abstract

Phase segregation in aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) composed of four hydrophilic ionic liquids (ILs): 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate (C(n)C₁im C₁SO₄, n = 2 and 4), tributylmethyl phosphonium methylsulfate (P₄₄₄₁ C₁SO₄) and methylpyridinium methylsulfate (C₁Py C₁SO₄) and two high charge density potassium inorganic salts (K₂CO₃ and K₂HPO₄) were determined by the cloud point method at 298.15 K. The influence of the addition of the selected inorganic salts to aqueous mixtures of ILs was discussed in the light of the Hofmeister series and in terms of molar Gibbs free energy of hydration. The effect of the alkyl chain length of the cation on the methylsulfate-based ILs has been investigated. All the solubility data were satisfactorily correlated to several empirical equations. A pesticide (pentachlorophenol, PCP) extraction process based on the inorganic salt providing a greater salting out effect was tackled. The viability of the proposed process was analyzed in terms of partition coefficients and extraction efficiencies.

摘要

在由四种亲水性离子液体（ILs）组成的双水相体系（ABS）中进行相分离：1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸甲酯和 1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸甲酯（C（n）C₁im C₁SO₄，n = 2 和 4）、三丁基甲基膦硫酸甲酯（P₄₄₄₁ C₁SO₄）和甲基吡啶硫酸甲酯（C₁Py C₁SO₄）以及两种高电荷密度钾无机盐（K₂CO₃和 K₂HPO₄），在 298.15 K 下通过浊点法确定。根据 Hofmeister 系列和摩尔水合吉布斯自由能，讨论了所选无机盐对 ILs 水溶液混合物的影响。考察了阳离子烷基链长度对基于硫酸甲酯的 ILs 的影响。所有溶解度数据都与几种经验方程进行了很好的关联。基于提供更大盐析效果的无机盐进行了农药（五氯苯酚，PCP）萃取过程。根据分配系数和萃取效率分析了所提出的过程的可行性。