Institut für Biologie 1, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 1, D-7400, Tübingen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Planta. 1989 Aug;179(1):61-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00395771.
A cell-wall fraction of the mycorrhizal fungus Amanita muscaria increased the chitinase activity in suspension-cultured cells of spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) which is a frequent host of Amanita muscaria in nature. Chitinase activity was also increased in roots of spruce trees upon incubation with the fungal elicitor. Non-induced levels of chitinase activity in spruce were higher in suspension cells than in roots whereas the elicitorinduced increase of chitinase activity was higher in roots. Treatment of cells with hormones (auxins and cytokinin) resulted in a severalfold depression of enzyme activity. However, the chitinase activity of hormone-treated as well as hormone-free cells showed an elicitor-induced increase. Suspension cells of spruce secreted a large amount of enzyme into the medium. It is postulated that chitinases released from the host cells in an ectomycorrhizal system partly degrade the fungal cell walls, thus possibly facilitating the exchange of metabolites between the symbionts.
蕈类共生真菌鹅膏菌(Amanita muscaria)的细胞壁成分增加了云杉（欧洲云杉（Picea abies (L.) Karst.））悬浮培养细胞中的几丁质酶活性，云杉在自然界中是鹅膏菌的常见宿主。用真菌诱导子孵育云杉根也会增加几丁质酶活性。与根系相比，悬浮细胞中未诱导的几丁质酶活性水平较高，而根系中诱导的几丁质酶活性增加较高。用激素（生长素和细胞分裂素）处理细胞会导致酶活性降低几倍。然而，激素处理和无激素处理的细胞的几丁质酶活性均表现出诱导增加。云杉悬浮细胞向培养基中分泌大量酶。据推测，在外生菌根系统中从宿主细胞释放的几丁质酶部分降解了真菌细胞壁，从而可能促进共生体之间代谢物的交换。
