Department of Botany, University of Jodhpur, 342001, Jodhpur, India.
Plant Cell Rep. 1992 Jul;11(7):368-71. doi: 10.1007/BF00233368.
After placement on Murashige and Skoog's basal medium supplemented with 3-5 mg/l 2,4-D, immature inflorescence expiants of Echinochloa frumentacea gave rise to three distinct types of callus: a) loosely arranged and soft; b) compact and translucent; c) compact, sticky and mucilaginous. Somatic embryo formation occurred in type 'b' callus in about 18-24 d. Callus types 'a' and 'c' did not produce somatic embryos. The highest percentage of cultures exhibiting somatic embryogenesis occurred on the medium containing 5 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l kinetin. Somatic embryos also formed directly on the inflorescence (without intervening callus formation) in about 15% of the expiants placed on this medium. The addition of paclobutrazol or uniconazole (0.25 or 1 mg/l) to the medium had no influence on the percentage of cultures exhibiting direct somatic embryogenesis, but paclobutrazol slightly increased the mean number of somatic embryos per culture. Many of the callus-derived somatic embryos germinated when subcultured on basal MS medium supplemented with kinetin. Addition of paclobutrazol or uniconazole to the culture medium at 0.25 or 1 mg/l decreased somatic embryo germination and shoot elongation but increased root length and leaf width. Both paclobutrazol and uniconazole increased survival of the plantlets following transplanting to soil. Increased post-transplant survival was accompanied by reduced water loss from plantlets produced on culture media containing triazoles.
在添加 3-5mg/l 2,4-D 的 Murashige 和 Skoog 基本培养基上放置后，糙叶丰花草的未成熟花序外植体产生了三种不同类型的愈伤组织：a）松散排列且柔软；b）致密且半透明；c）致密、粘稠且粘滑。体细胞胚发生在类型“b”的愈伤组织中，约 18-24 天。类型“a”和“c”的愈伤组织未产生体细胞胚。在含有 5mg/l 2,4-D 和 0.5mg/l 激动素的培养基上，表现出体细胞胚胎发生的培养物的最高百分比。体细胞胚也直接在花序上形成（无需中间愈伤组织形成），约占放置在该培养基上的外植体的 15%。培养基中添加多效唑或烯效唑（0.25 或 1mg/l）对表现出直接体细胞胚胎发生的培养物的百分比没有影响，但多效唑略微增加了每个培养物的体细胞胚平均数。许多来自愈伤组织的体细胞胚在补充有激动素的基本 MS 培养基上继代培养时发芽。在培养基中添加多效唑或烯效唑（0.25 或 1mg/l）会降低体细胞胚的发芽率和芽伸长率，但会增加根长和叶宽。多效唑和烯效唑都增加了移栽到土壤中的植物的存活率。在含有三唑类化合物的培养基上生产的植物在移栽后存活率增加伴随着水分损失减少。
