Adamski S W, Svensjö E, Grega G J
Microcirc Endothelium Lymphatics. 1985 Feb;2(1):41-53.
The effects of histamine alone and in the presence of AVP or DDAVP on microvascular permeability to macromolecules was evaluated in the superfused hamster cheek pouch. FITC-Dextran (MW 70,000) was employed as a macromolecular tracer to quantitate the increase in macromolecular permeability produced by the topical application of histamine. Intra-vital light microscopy was utilized to quantitate and localize FITC-D extravasation sites along the vascular tree, and fluorimetric measurement of the FITC-D concentration in the suffusate (S) and plasma (P) was used to calculate the FITC-D S/P ratio to quantitate the increase in macromolecular permeability. The infusion of histamine for 5 minutes at a rate which produced a suffusate histamine concentration of 1 X 10(-5) M produced a marked increase in the number of venular FITC-D leakage sites, the [FITC-D]s, and the FITC-D S/P ratio. These effects of histamine were prevented by treatment with either AVP or DDAVP which was infused at a rate sufficient to produce a suffusate concentration of 1 X 10(-8) M. AVP produced profound vasoconstriction whereas DDAVP prevented the histamine-induced increase in the formation of venular FITC-D leakage sites, the [FITC-D]s, and FITC-D S/P ratio without producing vasoconstriction. These data suggest that the antagonism of the histamine-induced increase in macromolecular permeability by AVP and DDAVP is not dependent on vasoconstriction per se, but rather is attributable to the stimulation of a vasopressin receptor on the venular endothelial cell which is identical to or similar to the vasopressin receptor mediating the anti-diuretic effects of these agents.
在灌注的仓鼠颊囊中评估了单独组胺以及组胺与血管加压素（AVP）或去氨加压素（DDAVP）共同存在时对微血管对大分子物质通透性的影响。使用异硫氰酸荧光素标记的葡聚糖（分子量70,000）作为大分子示踪剂，以定量局部应用组胺后大分子通透性的增加。利用活体光学显微镜对沿血管树的异硫氰酸荧光素标记的葡聚糖（FITC-D）外渗部位进行定量和定位，并通过荧光法测量灌注液（S）和血浆（P）中FITC-D的浓度，以计算FITC-D的S/P比值来定量大分子通透性的增加。以产生1×10⁻⁵M灌注液组胺浓度的速率输注组胺5分钟，可使小静脉FITC-D渗漏部位的数量、[FITC-D]s以及FITC-D的S/P比值显著增加。组胺的这些作用可通过以足以产生1×10⁻⁸M灌注液浓度的速率输注AVP或DDAVP来预防。AVP产生强烈的血管收缩作用，而去氨加压素可预防组胺诱导的小静脉FITC-D渗漏部位形成增加、[FITC-D]s以及FITC-D S/P比值增加，且不产生血管收缩作用。这些数据表明，AVP和DDAVP对组胺诱导的大分子通透性增加的拮抗作用并非本身依赖于血管收缩，而是归因于对小静脉内皮细胞上血管加压素受体的刺激，该受体与介导这些药物抗利尿作用的血管加压素受体相同或相似。
