Department of Botany and Microbiology, Oklahoma State University, 74078, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 1985 Mar;69(5-6):543-52. doi: 10.1007/BF00251102.
Embryo-lethal mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana were isolated by treating mature seeds with an aqueous solution of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS), screening the resulting M-1 plants for siliques containing 25% aborted seeds following self-pollination, and verifying the presence of induced mutations in subsequent generations. Thirty-two recessive lethals with a Mendelian pattern of inheritance were examined in detail. Developmental arrest of mutant embryos ranged from the zygotic stage of embryogenesis in mutant 53D-4A to the linear and curled cotyledon stages of development in mutants 112A-2A and 130B-A-2. These lethal phases did not change significantly when plants were grown at 18 °C rather than at 24 °C. Differences between mutant lines were found in the color of arrested embryos and aborted seeds, the percentage and distribution of aborted seeds in heterozygous siliques, the size of arrested embryos, and the extent of abnormal development. Unusual mutant phenotypes included the presence of unusually large suspensors, distorted and fused cotyledons, reduced hypocotyls, and arrested embryos without distinct cotyledons or hypocotyl tissue. The isolation of eight new mutants with a non-random distribution of aborted seeds in heterozygous siliques provides further evidence that many of the genes that control early stages of embryogenesis in plants are also expressed prior to fertilization.
通过用乙基甲磺酸水溶液处理成熟种子，我们分离出拟南芥的胚胎致死突变体。通过自花授粉筛选 M-1 代植株中含 25%败育种子的蒴果，并在后续世代中验证诱导突变的存在，从而筛选出 M-1 代植株。我们详细研究了 32 个隐性致死突变体，这些突变体的遗传方式符合孟德尔遗传规律。突变体胚胎的发育停滞范围从突变体 53D-4A 的合子胚胎发生阶段到突变体 112A-2A 和 130B-A-2 的线性和卷曲子叶阶段。当在 18°C 而不是 24°C 下生长时，这些致死阶段并没有显著改变。在突变体系之间，我们发现了被阻滞的胚胎和败育种子的颜色、杂合蒴果中败育种子的百分比和分布、被阻滞的胚胎的大小以及异常发育的程度存在差异。异常突变体表型包括存在异常大的悬浮细胞、扭曲和融合的子叶、缩短的下胚轴，以及没有明显子叶或下胚轴组织的阻滞胚胎。八个新的突变体的分离，这些突变体在杂合蒴果中败育种子的分布不均匀，进一步证明了许多控制植物早期胚胎发生的基因在受精前也有表达。
