遭受“5·12”汶川地震影响的儿童和青少年的身心状况。
Psychosomatic conditions of the children and adolescents exposed to 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake.
机构信息
Department of Psychology and Psychiatry, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
Int J Behav Med. 2014 Aug;21(4):730-5. doi: 10.1007/s12529-013-9377-z.
BACKGROUND
A devastating earthquake registering 8.0 on the Richter Scale struck Wenchuan County in Northwest Sichuan Province in China on May 12, 2008, claiming over 69,200 lives, seriously wounding more than 374,600 people, and rendering more than 18,400 people missing. The epicenter was close to Yingxiu Township in Wenchuan County.
PURPOSE
This study aimed to investigate the psychosomatic conditions of the children and adolescents exposed to the devastating earthquake and explore the risk factors for psychosomatic symptoms.
METHOD
A total of 1,828 participants aged 6 to 16 years, of whom 842 from the affected area and 986 from non-affected area, were administered a Psychosomatic Conditions Scale.
RESULTS
Each factor score, total somatic score, total psychological score, and total psychosomatic score of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P < 0.001). Positive correlation was found between the psychological state and somatic symptoms in the experimental group(r = 0.157 ~ 0.489, P < 0.01). Respiratory system, cardiovascular system, nervous system, digestive system, urogenital system, emotion, behavior, and language, combined as a panel, were significantly differentiated between the two groups, accounting for 73.4% of the total difference. In the experimental group, the factor scores of anxiety, behavior, total psychological score, and total psychosomatic score of the girls were obviously higher than those of the boys (P < 0.01 ~ 0.05); most somatic factors and psychological factors, total somatic score, total psychological score, and total psychosomatic score of the elder adolescents were significantly higher than those of the younger children (P < 0.01 ~ 0.05).
CONCLUSION
The children and adolescents exposed to 5.12 earthquake greatly suffered from terrible psychosomatic conditions, among whom the elder girls had more severe symptoms, particularly in terms of anxiety and behavior.
背景
2008 年 5 月 12 日，中国四川省西北部汶川县发生里氏 8.0 级毁灭性地震，造成 69200 多人死亡，374600 多人严重受伤，18400 多人失踪。震中靠近汶川县映秀镇。
目的
本研究旨在调查遭受毁灭性地震的儿童和青少年的身心状况，并探讨身心症状的危险因素。
方法
共纳入 1828 名 6 至 16 岁的参与者，其中 842 名来自受灾地区，986 名来自非受灾地区，对他们进行了身心状况量表评估。
结果
实验组的各因子评分、总躯体评分、总心理评分和总身心评分均显著高于对照组（P<0.001）。实验组心理状态与躯体症状呈正相关（r=0.1570.489，P<0.01）。两组间呼吸系统、心血管系统、神经系统、消化系统、泌尿生殖系统、情绪、行为和语言等因素组合差异有统计学意义，占总差异的 73.4%。实验组中，女生的焦虑、行为、总心理评分和总身心评分因子评分明显高于男生（P<0.010.05）；年长青少年的大多数躯体和心理因素、总躯体评分、总心理评分和总身心评分均显著高于年幼青少年（P<0.01~0.05）。
结论
5.12 地震受灾的儿童和青少年身心状况严重受损，其中年长女孩症状更为严重，特别是在焦虑和行为方面。
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