Yalova University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Transportation Engineering, Şehit Ömer Faydalı Street, 77100, Yalova, Turkey,
Environ Monit Assess. 2014 Apr;186(4):2435-47. doi: 10.1007/s10661-013-3550-3. Epub 2013 Dec 14.
Landslides are natural phenomena in the same class of natural disasters as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, erosion, and volcanic eruptions that adversely affect human lives and property. Owing to their widespread occurrence, landslides are easily visible and able to be partially understood by people witnessing them. Nevertheless, to comprehend the detail of their formation and determine their potential, it is necessary to undertake geodetic, geological, and geophysical measurements in regions prone to landslides. By analyzing these measurements, it is possible to better ascertain those regions predisposed to landslides and thus provide the means to prevent loss of life and property. The city of Zonguldak, situated in the Western Black Sea region of Turkey, has a high occurrence of landslides owing to its harsh topography with rugged and steep slopes and rainfall in almost every season. Furthermore, the diurnal temperature ranging up to 10 °C in all seasons, especially in winter, plays a crucial role in rock disintegration in this region. Other factors damage ground composition and trigger landslides, such as underground mining operations, road construction that collapses rocky hills using explosives, and excavation works in steep terrain for building construction. This study gives a detailed account of the causes and adverse effects of landslides and their parameters through examples of landslide occurrences in the region, together with the results and analyses of two periods of geodetic measurements conducted on the Zonguldak-Ereğli Highway in Ilıksu district.
滑坡是与地震、洪水、飓风、侵蚀和火山爆发等自然灾害同属一类的自然现象，会对人类生命和财产造成不利影响。由于滑坡的广泛发生，人们很容易看到并对其有一定程度的了解。然而，要理解其形成的细节并确定其潜在影响，有必要在易发生滑坡的地区进行大地测量、地质和地球物理测量。通过分析这些测量数据，可以更好地确定那些容易发生滑坡的区域，并提供预防生命和财产损失的手段。土耳其西部黑海地区的宗古尔达克市，由于其地形崎岖，坡度陡峭，几乎每个季节都有降雨，因此滑坡频发。此外，由于该地区所有季节的昼夜温差高达 10°C，尤其是在冬季，这对岩石分解起着至关重要的作用。其他因素如地下采矿作业、使用炸药炸毁岩石山丘的道路建设以及在陡峭地形上进行建筑施工的挖掘工作，都会破坏地面组成并引发滑坡。本研究通过该地区滑坡发生的实例，详细说明了滑坡的原因和不利影响及其参数，并介绍了在 Ilıksu 区宗古尔达克-埃雷利高速公路上进行的两次大地测量结果和分析。
