Walker Lawrence J
New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2013 Winter;2013(142):27-40. doi: 10.1002/cad.20047.
What fundamentally motivates moral behavior? What is the nature and source of moral motivation? The argument developed in this chapter is that moral action is not merely other-regarding; it also can, and should be, self-regarding. When there is something significant for the self in the moral enterprise, it can legitimately be self-enhancing and, thus, powerfully motivating. The empirical warrant for this argument is found in the study of the psychological functioning of moral exemplars. The research reviewed here indicates that moral exemplars do synergistically integrate their self-promoting agentic motivation in service to their other-promoting communal values. Therein is the powerful motivational impetus for doing good and living rightly.
道德行为的根本动机是什么?道德动机的本质和来源是什么?本章所阐述的观点是,道德行为不仅仅是关乎他人的;它也能够且应该关乎自身。当在道德事业中有对自身重要的东西时,它可以合理地自我提升,从而产生强大的激励作用。这一观点的实证依据来自对道德模范心理功能的研究。此处回顾的研究表明,道德模范确实会协同整合他们自我提升的能动动机,以服务于他们促进他人的集体价值观。这就是做好事和正确生活的强大动机所在。