分娩前后的乳腺炎似乎可以通过摄入富含 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸的鱼油得到缓解。
Mammary inflammation around parturition appeared to be attenuated by consumption of fish oil rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
机构信息
Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education of China, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, China.
出版信息
Lipids Health Dis. 2013 Dec 31;12:190. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-12-190.
BACKGROUND
Mastitis endangers the health of domestic animals and humans, and may cause problems concerning food safety. It is documented that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) play significant roles in attenuating saturated fatty acids (SFA)-induced inflammation. This study was therefore conducted to determine whether mammary inflammation could be affected by consumption of diets rich in n-3 PUFA.
METHODS
Forty-eight rats after mating began to receive diets supplemented with 5% fish oil (FO) or 7% soybean oil (SO). Blood and mammary tissue samples (n = 6) at day 0 and 14 of gestation and day 3 postpartum were collected 9 hours after intramammary infusion of saline or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to determine free fatty acids (FFA) concentration and FA composition in plasma and inflammation mediators in mammary tissues.
RESULTS
At day 14 of gestation and day 3 postpartum, the FO-fed rats had lower plasma concentrations of C18:2n6, C20:4n6, total n-6 PUFA and SFA, and higher plasma concentrations of C20:5n3 and total n-3 PUFA than the SO-fed rats. Plasma C22:6n3 concentration was also higher in the FO-fed than in the SO-fed rats at day 3 postpartum. Compared with the SO-fed rats, the FO-fed rats had lower mammary mRNA abundance of xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) and protein level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, but had higher mammary mRNA abundances of interleukin (IL)-10 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ at day 14 of gestation. Following LPS infusion at day 3 postpartum, the SO-fed rats had increased plasma concentrations of FFA, C18:1n9, C18:3n3, C18:2n6 and total n-6 PUFA, higher mammary mRNA abundances of IL-1β, TNF-α and XOR but lower mammary mRNA abundance of IL-10 than the FO-fed rats.
CONCLUSIONS
Mammary inflammation around parturition appeared to be attenuated by consumption of a diet rich in n-3 PUFA, which was associated with up-regulated expression of IL-10 and PPAR-γ.
背景
乳腺炎危害家畜和人类健康，并可能引发食品安全问题。有文献表明，n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）在减轻饱和脂肪酸（SFA）诱导的炎症方面发挥着重要作用。因此，本研究旨在确定富含 n-3 PUFA 的饮食是否会影响乳腺炎症。
方法
交配后的 48 只大鼠开始接受添加 5%鱼油（FO）或 7%大豆油（SO）的饮食。妊娠第 0 天、第 14 天和产后第 3 天，在乳腺内注入生理盐水或脂多糖（LPS）9 小时后，采集血液和乳腺组织样本（n=6），以测定血浆游离脂肪酸（FFA）浓度和 FA 组成，以及乳腺组织中的炎症介质。
结果
在妊娠第 14 天和产后第 3 天，与 SO 组相比，FO 组大鼠的血浆 C18:2n6、C20:4n6、总 n-6 PUFA 和 SFA 浓度降低，C20:5n3 和总 n-3 PUFA 浓度升高。产后第 3 天，FO 组大鼠的血浆 C22:6n3 浓度也高于 SO 组。与 SO 组相比，FO 组大鼠的乳腺黄嘌呤氧化酶（XOR）mRNA 丰度和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α 蛋白水平降低，而妊娠第 14 天的白细胞介素（IL）-10 和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）-γ mRNA 丰度升高。产后第 3 天 LPS 注射后，SO 组大鼠的血浆 FFA、C18:1n9、C18:3n3、C18:2n6 和总 n-6 PUFA 浓度升高，乳腺 IL-1β、TNF-α 和 XOR 的 mRNA 丰度升高，IL-10 的 mRNA 丰度降低，而 FO 组大鼠的这些指标则无显著变化。
结论
分娩前后乳腺炎症似乎通过摄入富含 n-3 PUFA 的饮食而减轻，这与 IL-10 和 PPAR-γ 的表达上调有关。
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