Cell Biology and Metabolism Program, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.
J Cell Biol. 2014 Jan 6;204(1):7-17. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201310021.
Polarized cells such as epithelial cells and neurons exhibit different plasma membrane domains with distinct protein compositions. Recent studies have shown that sorting of transmembrane proteins to the basolateral domain of epithelial cells and the somatodendritic domain of neurons is mediated by recognition of signals in the cytosolic domains of the proteins by adaptors. These adaptors are components of protein coats associated with the trans-Golgi network and/or recycling endosomes. The clathrin-associated adaptor protein 1 (AP-1) complex plays a preeminent role in this process, although other adaptors and coat proteins, such as AP-4, ARH, Numb, exomer, and retromer, have also been implicated.
极化细胞，如上皮细胞和神经元，表现出不同的质膜域，具有不同的蛋白质组成。最近的研究表明，跨膜蛋白向上皮细胞的基底外侧域和神经元的体树突域的分拣是由蛋白质胞质域中的信号识别来介导的，这些信号由衔接蛋白识别。这些衔接蛋白是与顺式高尔基体网络和/或再循环内体相关的蛋白质外壳的组成部分。网格蛋白相关衔接蛋白 1 (AP-1) 复合物在这个过程中起着突出的作用，尽管其他衔接蛋白和外壳蛋白，如 AP-4、ARH、Numb、exomer 和 retromer，也有涉及。
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