Environmental Health Science Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.
J Toxicol Sci. 2014 Feb;39(1):163-71. doi: 10.2131/jts.39.163.
Skin sensitization resulting in allergic contact dermatitis is a common occupational health issue. In this study, the effect of mixing two skin sensitizers on the skin sensitization response was investigated. Skin sensitizers are generally classified into T helper type 1 (Th1) or T helper type 2 (Th2), depending on the induced cytokine profile. Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and oxazolone (Oxa) are Th1 skin sensitizers and phthalic anhydride (PA) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI) are Th2 skin sensitizers. We investigated the effect on skin sensitization response to mixtures of three pairs of these sensitizers: DNCB and Oxa, DNCB and PA, and PA and TDI, using guinea pig maximization test and mouse ear swelling test. In guinea pigs sensitized with the mixture of DNCB and Oxa or PA and TDI, there were changes of skin sensitization response to DNCB and Oxa, and that to PA. On the other hand, there was no mixture effect in guinea pigs sensitized with the mixture of DNCB and PA. The skin sensitization responses were decreased in mice sensitized with the mixtures of DNCB and Oxa or PA and TDI, whereas the mixture effect was not observed in mice sensitized with the mixture of DNCB and PA. The present findings revealed that mixture effect on the skin sensitization response was observed after simultaneous exposure to two skin sensitizers, and the effect was determined by combinations of mixed skin sensitizers.
皮肤致敏导致过敏性接触性皮炎是常见的职业健康问题。在这项研究中,研究了两种皮肤致敏剂混合对皮肤致敏反应的影响。皮肤致敏剂通常根据诱导的细胞因子谱分为辅助性 T 细胞 1(Th1)或辅助性 T 细胞 2(Th2)。二硝基氯苯(DNCB)和噁唑酮(Oxa)是 Th1 皮肤致敏剂,邻苯二甲酸酐(PA)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)是 Th2 皮肤致敏剂。我们使用豚鼠最大量试验和小鼠耳肿胀试验,研究了对这三种成对致敏剂混合物(DNCB 和 Oxa、DNCB 和 PA 以及 PA 和 TDI)对皮肤致敏反应的影响。在同时用 DNCB 和 Oxa 或 PA 和 TDI 致敏的豚鼠中,DNCB 和 Oxa 以及 PA 的皮肤致敏反应发生了变化。另一方面,在用 DNCB 和 PA 的混合物致敏的豚鼠中,没有混合物效应。用 DNCB 和 Oxa 或 PA 和 TDI 的混合物致敏的小鼠的皮肤致敏反应减少,而在用 DNCB 和 PA 的混合物致敏的小鼠中则未观察到混合物效应。本研究结果表明,在同时暴露于两种皮肤致敏剂后,观察到了对皮肤致敏反应的混合物效应,并且该效应取决于混合皮肤致敏剂的组合。