家庭伙伴健康研究：一项针对儿童和家长体重管理的群组随机对照试验。
The family partners for health study: a cluster randomized controlled trial for child and parent weight management.
机构信息
School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
1] School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA [2] Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
出版信息
Nutr Diabetes. 2014 Jan 13;4(1):e101. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2013.42.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to test a two-phased nutrition and exercise education, coping skills training, and exercise intervention program for overweight or obese low-income ethnic minority 2nd to 4th grade children and their parents in rural North Carolina, USA.
METHODS
A cluster randomized controlled trial was carried out with 358 children (7-10 years) and a parent for each child (n=358). General linear mixed models were used to determine the effects of the intervention on weight, adiposity, health behaviors, and eating and exercise self-efficacy by examining changes in children and parents from baseline to completion of the study (18 months).
RESULTS
At 18 months, children in the experimental group did not have a significantly decreased body mass index (BMI) percentile (P=0.470); however, they showed a reduction in the growth rate of their triceps (P=0.001) and subscapular skinfolds (P<0.001) and an improvement in dietary knowledge (P=0.018) and drank less than one glass of soda per day (P=0.052) compared with the control group. Parents in the experimental group had decreased BMI (P=0.001), triceps (P<0.001) and subscapular skinfolds (P<0.001) and increased nutrition (P=0.003) and exercise (P<0.001) knowledge and more often drank water or unsweetened drinks (P=0.029). At 18 months, children in the experimental group did not show significant improvement in eating (P=0.956) or exercise self-efficacy (P=0.976). Experimental parents demonstrated improved socially acceptable eating self-efficacy (P=0.013); however, they did not show significant improvement in self-efficacy pertaining to emotional eating (P=0.155) and exercise (P=0.680).
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that inclusion of children and parents in the same intervention program is an effective way to decrease adiposity and improve nutrition behaviors in both children and parents and improve weight and eating self-efficacy in parents.
目的
本研究旨在为美国北卡罗来纳州农村地区超重或肥胖的低收入少数民族 2 至 4 年级儿童及其父母测试两阶段营养和运动教育、应对技能培训和运动干预方案。
方法
采用整群随机对照试验，共纳入 358 名儿童（7-10 岁）及其父母（共 358 名）。采用一般线性混合模型，通过比较儿童和父母从基线到研究结束（18 个月）时的变化，来评估干预对体重、肥胖程度、健康行为以及饮食和运动自我效能的影响。
结果
18 个月时，实验组儿童的体重指数（BMI）百分位无显著下降（P=0.470）；然而，与对照组相比，实验组儿童的三头肌（P=0.001）和肩胛下皮褶厚度（P<0.001）增长率降低，膳食知识提高（P=0.018），且每天饮用少于一杯苏打水的比例增加（P=0.052）。实验组父母的 BMI（P=0.001）、三头肌（P<0.001）和肩胛下皮褶厚度（P<0.001）降低，营养（P=0.003）和运动（P<0.001）知识增加，且更常饮用白开水或无糖饮料（P=0.029）。18 个月时，实验组儿童在饮食（P=0.956）和运动自我效能（P=0.976）方面无显著改善。实验组父母的社会可接受饮食自我效能提高（P=0.013），但在情绪性进食（P=0.155）和运动（P=0.680）自我效能方面无显著改善。
结论
结果表明，将儿童及其父母纳入同一干预方案是减少肥胖、改善儿童和父母营养行为以及提高父母体重和饮食自我效能的有效方法。
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