Department of Biochemistry, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, NG7 2UH, Nottingham, UK.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 1993 Jul;9(4):403-13. doi: 10.1007/BF00328028.
The essential role of DNA-dependent RNA polymerases in gene expression and the fact that the multimeric species are highly conserved throughout nature makes these enzymes a particular fascinating area of study. Here we shall review the conservation of structures and their relationship to function, especially in the multimeric eubacterial RNA polymerases, paying particular attention to the β core subunit and to recent studies of σ-factors of both the σ (70) and σ (54) families. We shall conclude with a brief consideration of phage-encoded RNA polymerases and phage-mediated modification of the host enzyme, and of the evolution of RNA-synthesising enzymes.
DNA 依赖性 RNA 聚合酶在基因表达中的重要作用，以及多聚体物种在自然界中高度保守这一事实，使得这些酶成为一个特别引人入胜的研究领域。在这里，我们将回顾结构的保守性及其与功能的关系，特别是在多聚体原核 RNA 聚合酶中，特别关注β核心亚基以及最近对σ（70）和σ（54）家族的σ因子的研究。最后，我们将简要考虑噬菌体编码的 RNA 聚合酶和噬菌体介导的对宿主酶的修饰，以及 RNA 合成酶的进化。
