Departments of Genetics and Horticulture, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Theor Appl Genet. 1975 Jan;46(6):307-14. doi: 10.1007/BF00281153.
The relative breeding value of first division restitution (FDR) and second division restitution (SDR) 2n male gametes from diploids, and n (2x) gametes from tetraploids were compared. This was done by measuring tuber yield of 105 4x families obtained from 4x x 2x (FDR), 4x x 2x (SDR), and 4x x 4x crosses at two locations. All tetraploid families obtained from 4x x 2x (FDR) matings exhibitedheterosis (the mean of the F1 exceeded that of the higher yielding parent), and outyielded other tetraploid families and 4x cultivars at both locations. The tuber yield of 4x x 2x (SDR; families was higher than that of the families derived from 4x x 4x matings, although the 2x parents had significantly lower yield than tetraploid parents. Specific combining ability (S.C.A.) was found to be significant when families obtained from each category (4x x FDR, 4x x SDR and 4x x 4x) were analyzed individually. Both general combining ability (G.C.A.) (2x) and S.C.A. were significant when families obtained from: 1) 4x x FDR plus 4x x SDR; 2) 4x x FDR plus 4x x 4x; and 3) all categories, were analyzed. Only S.C.A. was found to be significant when 4x x SDR and 4x x 4x families were analyzed together. Consistent results were obtained at each of, and over, the two locations. These results strongly demonstrated that FDR gametes were superior in breeding value to either SDR or n (2x) gametes, and were more homogeneous, Gametes formed by SDR might be superior to n (2x) gametes although they were as heterogeneous. Distinct yield differences between 4x x FDR and 4x x SDR families plus the significant G.C.A. (2x) detected when these two categories were compared, substantiated the cytological interpretation of genetically distinct modes of diplandroid formation.
比较了二倍体（2n）雄配子中第一次分裂后（FDR）和第二次分裂后（SDR）配子，以及四倍体（4x）配子的相对育种值。这是通过在两个地点测量来自 4x x 2x（FDR）、4x x 2x（SDR）和 4x x 4x 杂交的 105 个 4x 家系的块茎产量来完成的。所有来自 4x x 2x（FDR）交配的四倍体家系均表现出杂种优势（F1 的平均值超过了高产量亲本），并且在两个地点均超过了其他四倍体家系和 4x 品种。4x x 2x（SDR）家系的块茎产量高于来自 4x x 4x 交配的家系，但 2x 亲本的产量明显低于四倍体亲本。当单独分析每个类别（4x x FDR、4x x SDR 和 4x x 4x）获得的家系时，发现特定组合能力（S.C.A.）具有显著意义。当分别分析来自 1）4x x FDR 加 4x x SDR；2）4x x FDR 加 4x x 4x；和 3）所有类别获得的家系时，一般组合能力（G.C.A.）（2x）和 S.C.A. 均具有显著意义。仅当分析 4x x SDR 和 4x x 4x 家系时，才发现 S.C.A. 具有显著意义。在两个地点的每个地点和以上均获得了一致的结果。这些结果有力地证明了 FDR 配子在育种值方面优于 SDR 或 n（2x）配子，并且更同质。虽然 SDR 形成的配子与 n（2x）配子一样异质，但它们可能优于 n（2x）配子。4x x FDR 和 4x x SDR 家系之间的明显产量差异以及当比较这两个类别时检测到的显著 G.C.A.（2x），证实了二倍体形成遗传上不同模式的细胞学解释。
