Linder R, Linskens H F
Laboratoire de Cytogénétique, Université de Lille, France.
Theor Appl Genet. 1972 Jan;42(3):125-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00583414.
Changes of the free amino acids in unpollinated, cross-, and self-pollinated styles of clonal material fromOenothera missouriensis were observed between 0 and 48 hours after pollination. 1. The small amounts (0.1-0.5 × 10(-9) mol/mg dry weight) of the amino acids Gly, α-NH2-But, Ileu, Leu, Tyr, Phe, Orn, Lys, His and Arg show practically no changes in time and no differences among the 3 pollination conditions. 2. The active amino acids Thr, Ser, Pro, Ala, Val, Glu, Eth-NH2, γ-NH2-But and Asp with a higher initial level (0.4 - 10.5 × 10(-9) mol per mg dry weight) showed some dramatic changes and differences under the various pollination conditions. 3. Critical phases of oscillation of the amino acid pool were observed in unpollinated styles between 24 and 48 hours after anthesis. In both types of pollinated styles, striking changes were observed 12 hours after pollination. In the self-pollinated styles a maximum content of free amino acids was observed 48 hours after pollination. 4. In the unpollinated styles most of the free amino acids increased slightly with aging. Glu showed a distinct increase, which continued up to 80 hours after ripening of the style. 5. In cross-pollinated styles the content of Thr, Ala and Val increased slowly during the first 24 hours and then decreased with a minimum at 40 hours after pollination. Glu, Eth-NH2 and γ-NH2-But have a characteristic course with a maximum at 24 and a minimum at 36 hours after pollination. 6. In self-pollinated styles the high initial content of Pro, resulting from the input of pollen, decreased continually until 33 hours, but increased again after the complete inhibition of the pollentube growth. The amino acids Thr, Ser, Ala and γ-NH2-But too, have a parallel course first with an initial high at 18 hours followed by a maximum level at 42 hours after pollination. 7. A summarizing interpretation includes the following aspects: a) As a consequence of pollination, no new amino acids were activated or synthesized inOenothera styles. b) For cross- and self-pollinated styles an initial phase was distinguished, which lasted about 12 hours. It was similar for the active amino acids as well in the self- and cross-pollinated styles. Distinct differences were observed after this time. c) The maximum content of free amino acids in cross-pollinated styles corresponds with the penetration of the mass of the pollen tube tips to the base of the style. d) The main difference between self- and cross-pollinated styles is the behaviour of Pro and Glu in the pool of free amino acids. This supports the hypothesis that the main part of the free amino acids is used for metabolic purposes during pollen tube penetrance through the style. Specific consumption of amino acids in connection with the synthesis of proteins, which may be responsible for the incompatibility reaction, are overshadowed by the mass shifts of the metabolic amino acid pool.
在授粉后0至48小时内，观察了密苏里月见草克隆材料未授粉、异花授粉和自花授粉花柱中游离氨基酸的变化。1. 少量（0.1 - 0.5×10⁻⁹摩尔/毫克干重）的氨基酸，如甘氨酸、α-氨基丁酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、鸟氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸和精氨酸，在时间上几乎没有变化，且在三种授粉条件下也没有差异。2. 初始水平较高（0.4 - 10.5×10⁻⁹摩尔/毫克干重）的活性氨基酸，如苏氨酸、丝氨酸、脯氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、谷氨酸、乙胺、γ-氨基丁酸和天冬氨酸，在不同授粉条件下表现出一些显著的变化和差异。3. 在未授粉花柱中，花期后24至48小时观察到氨基酸库的振荡关键阶段。在两种授粉花柱中，授粉后12小时观察到显著变化。在自花授粉花柱中，授粉后48小时观察到游离氨基酸的最大含量。4. 在未授粉花柱中，大多数游离氨基酸随老化略有增加。谷氨酸显示出明显增加，这种增加一直持续到花柱成熟后80小时。5. 在异花授粉花柱中，苏氨酸、丙氨酸和缬氨酸的含量在最初24小时内缓慢增加，然后在授粉后40小时降至最低。谷氨酸、乙胺和γ-氨基丁酸呈现出一种特征性变化过程，在授粉后24小时达到最大值，在36小时达到最小值。6. 在自花授粉花柱中，由于花粉输入导致脯氨酸的初始含量较高，该含量持续下降直至33小时，但在花粉管生长完全受抑制后又再次增加。氨基酸苏氨酸、丝氨酸、丙氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸也有类似的变化过程，最初在18小时含量较高，随后在授粉后42小时达到最高水平。7. 总结性解释包括以下几个方面：a) 授粉的结果是，月见草花柱中没有新的氨基酸被激活或合成。b) 对于异花授粉和自花授粉花柱，可区分出一个初始阶段，持续约12小时。自花授粉和异花授粉花柱中的活性氨基酸在这个阶段情况相似。在此之后观察到明显差异。c) 异花授粉花柱中游离氨基酸的最大含量与大量花粉管尖端穿透到花柱基部相对应。d) 自花授粉和异花授粉花柱之间的主要差异在于游离氨基酸库中脯氨酸和谷氨酸的行为。这支持了这样的假设，即在花粉管穿透花柱的过程中，游离氨基酸的主要部分用于代谢目的。与蛋白质合成相关的氨基酸的特定消耗，这可能是不相容反应的原因，被代谢氨基酸库的大量变化所掩盖。
