Yamamoto Kazuhiko, Matsusue Yumiko, Horita Satoshi, Murakami Kazuhiro, Ueyama Yoshihiro, Sugiura Tsutomu, Kirita Tadaaki
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.
Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2013 Mar;6(1):37-42. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1333881. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
Maxillofacial fractures of pedestrians injured in a motor vehicle accident were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were 38 males and 26 females, and their age was distributed almost evenly from 1 to 91 years old (average 45.9 ± 24.8 years old). Motor vehicle collisions were with an automobile in 46 patients (71.9%), a motorcycle in 17 (26.6%), and a train in 1 (1.6%). The midface was involved in 32 patients (50.0%), the mandible in 19 (29.7%), and both the mandible and the midface in 13 (20.3%). Fractures were frequently observed in the zygoma and alveolus in the midface and in the condyle, symphysis, and body in the mandible. The facial injury severity scale (FISS) rating ranged from 1 to 9 (average 2.30 ± 1.79). Injuries to other sites of the body occurred in 29 patients (45.3%). Observation was most frequently chosen in 26 patients (40.6%), followed by open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) in 18 (28.1%), and maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) in 8 (12.5%). The FISS rating was higher in patients treated with ORIF and MMF. Injuries to other sites of the body were observed at a higher rate in patients who collided with an automobile and were also treated by ORIF.
对在机动车事故中受伤的行人颌面骨折情况进行了回顾性分析。患者中男性38例，女性26例，年龄分布在1至91岁之间，几乎呈均匀分布（平均45.9±24.8岁）。机动车碰撞类型为汽车的有46例患者（71.9%），摩托车的有17例（26.6%），火车的有1例（1.6%）。累及中面部的有32例患者（50.0%），下颌骨的有19例（29.7%），下颌骨和中面部均累及的有13例（20.3%）。中面部的颧骨和牙槽以及下颌骨的髁突、联合部和体部骨折较为常见。面部损伤严重程度量表（FISS）评分范围为1至9分（平均2.30±1.79）。29例患者（45.3%）身体其他部位有损伤。26例患者（40.6%）最常选择观察治疗，其次是切开复位内固定（ORIF）18例（28.摘要1%），颌间固定（MMF）8例（12.5%）。接受ORIF和MMF治疗的患者FISS评分较高。与汽车碰撞且接受ORIF治疗的患者身体其他部位损伤发生率较高。
