Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Arch Med Sci. 2013 Dec 30;9(6):1125-31. doi: 10.5114/aoms.2013.39227. Epub 2013 Nov 29.
Phrenic nerves have important roles on the management of respiration rhythm. Diaphragm paralysis is possible in phrenic nerve roots ischemia in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We examined whether there is a relationship between phrenic nerve root ischemia and respiratory disturbances in SAH.
This study was conducted on 5 healthy control and 14 rabbits with experimentally induced SAH by injecting autologous blood into their cisterna magna. Animals were followed up via monitors for detecting the heart and respiration rhythms for 20 days and then decapitaed by humanely. Normal and degenerated neuron densities of phrenic nerve root at the level of C4 dorsal root ganglia (C4DRG) were estimated by Stereological methods. Between the mean numerical density of degenerated neurons of C4DRG and respiratory rate/minute of groups were compared statistically.
Phrenic nerve roots, artery and diaphragm muscles degeneration was detected in respiratory arrest developed animals. The mean neuronal density of C4DRG was 13272 ±1201/mm3 with a mean respiration rate of 23 ±4/min in the control group. The mean degenerated neuron density was 2.240 ±450/mm(3) and respiration rhythm was 31 ±6/min in survivors. But, the mean degenerated neuron density was 5850 ±650/mm(3) and mean respiration rhythm was 34 ±7/min in respiratory arrest developed animals (n = 7). A linear relationship was noticed between the degenerated neuron density of C4DRG and respiraton rate (r = -0.758; p < 0.001).
Phrenic nerve root ischemia may be an important factor in respiration rhythms deteriorations in SAH which has not been mentioned in the literature.
膈神经在呼吸节律的管理中起着重要作用。蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)时膈神经根部缺血可能导致膈神经麻痹。我们研究了 SAH 中膈神经根部缺血与呼吸紊乱之间是否存在关系。
本研究在 5 只健康对照和 14 只通过向其脑池内注射自体血诱发 SAH 的兔中进行。通过监测仪监测动物 20 天,以检测心率和呼吸节律,然后人道处死。通过立体学方法估计 C4 背根神经节(C4DRG)水平的膈神经根部正常和退化神经元密度。比较 C4DRG 退变神经元平均数密度与各组呼吸频率/分钟之间的关系。
在出现呼吸停止的动物中,发现膈神经、动脉和膈肌退化。对照组 C4DRG 的平均神经元密度为 13272 ±1201/mm3,平均呼吸频率为 23 ±4/min。存活者的平均退变神经元密度为 2.240 ±450/mm3,呼吸节律为 31 ±6/min。但是,在出现呼吸停止的动物(n = 7)中,C4DRG 的平均退变神经元密度为 5850 ±650/mm3,平均呼吸节律为 34 ±7/min。C4DRG 的退变神经元密度与呼吸率之间存在线性关系(r = -0.758;p < 0.001)。
膈神经根部缺血可能是 SAH 中呼吸节律恶化的一个重要因素,这在文献中尚未提及。