Deschamps Peter K H, Been Marieke, Matthys Walter
Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, HP A01.468, Postbus 85500, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
J Autism Dev Disord. 2014 Jul;44(7):1749-58. doi: 10.1007/s10803-014-2048-3.
The present study aimed to assess empathy and prosocial behavior in 6-7 year old children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Results showed, first, lower levels of parent- and teacher-rated cognitive empathy, and similar levels of affective empathy in children with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) children. Second, emotion recognition for basic emotions, one aspect of cognitive empathy, in a story task was adequate in ASD children, but ASD children with severe impairments in social responsiveness had difficulties in recognizing fear. Third, prosocial behavior in response to signals of distress of a peer in a computer task was similar in ASD as in TD children. In conclusion, early elementary school children with ASD show specific impairments in cognitive empathy.
本研究旨在评估6至7岁自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童的同理心和亲社会行为。结果显示，首先，与发育正常（TD）的儿童相比，ASD儿童的家长和教师评定的认知同理心水平较低，而情感同理心水平相似。其次，在故事任务中，作为认知同理心一个方面的基本情绪识别，ASD儿童表现良好，但社交反应严重受损的ASD儿童在识别恐惧方面存在困难。第三，在计算机任务中，ASD儿童对同伴痛苦信号的亲社会行为与TD儿童相似。总之，ASD小学低年级儿童在认知同理心方面存在特定缺陷。
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