From the Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institute, St. Cloud, MN (M.M.A., A.I.Q.); Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.A.B.); and Department of Pediatrics, Divisions of Pediatric Neurology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (L.C.J.).
Stroke. 2014 Mar;45(3):887-8. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.113.004526. Epub 2014 Feb 12.
Transient ischemic attacks (TIA) are not well described in children. We assessed the prevalence of risk factors for TIA requiring hospitalization in children in a large national database.
Using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database, children aged 1 to 18 years admitted for TIA in 2003, 2006, and 2009 were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification code 435. Descriptive analyses identified patient characteristics. Trend analysis determined the change in annual average hospitalization days from 2003 to 2009.
TIA was the primary diagnosis for 531 children. Important secondary diagnoses included sickle cell disease (20%), congenital heart disease (11%), migraine (12%), moyamoya disease (10%), and stroke (4%). Mean length of stay decreased from 3.0 days (95% confidence interval, 2.4-3.6) in 2003 to 2.3 days (95% confidence interval, 2.0-2.7) in 2009 (P=0.04). During the same period, 2590 children were admitted with ischemic stroke; 4.8 children with stroke were admitted for every child with TIA.
Recognized risk factors for TIA, including sickle cell disease, congenital heart disease, moyamoya, recent stroke, and migraine, were present in <60% of children. Pediatric admissions for ischemic stroke were ≈5-fold more common than for TIA. Further study is required to understand the risk of stroke after TIA in children to guide appropriate evaluation and treatment.
儿童短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）的描述并不完善。我们评估了在一个大型国家数据库中需要住院治疗的 TIA 儿童的风险因素的流行率。
使用医疗保健成本和利用项目儿童住院数据库，通过国际疾病分类，第九修订版，临床修正代码 435，确定了 2003 年、2006 年和 2009 年因 TIA 住院的 1 至 18 岁儿童。描述性分析确定了患者特征。趋势分析确定了 2003 年至 2009 年每年平均住院天数的变化。
TIA 是 531 名儿童的主要诊断。重要的次要诊断包括镰状细胞病（20%）、先天性心脏病（11%）、偏头痛（12%）、烟雾病（10%）和中风（4%）。平均住院时间从 2003 年的 3.0 天（95%置信区间，2.4-3.6）减少到 2009 年的 2.3 天（95%置信区间，2.0-2.7）（P=0.04）。在此期间，有 2590 名儿童因缺血性中风入院；每有 4.8 名儿童因中风入院，就有 1 名儿童因 TIA 入院。
TIA 的已知风险因素，包括镰状细胞病、先天性心脏病、烟雾病、近期中风和偏头痛，在<60%的儿童中存在。缺血性中风患儿的入院率是 TIA 患儿的约 5 倍。需要进一步研究以了解儿童 TIA 后中风的风险，以便指导适当的评估和治疗。
