Associate professor, Division of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad Científica del Sur and University of San Marcos, Lima, Perú.
Associate professor and head, Division of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2014 Mar;145(3):325-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2013.12.001.
The aim of this research was to compare maxillary and mandibular molar heights and incisor inclinations in patients with skeletal open-bite Class II, patients with skeletal open-bite Class III, and an untreated control group.
Pretreatment lateral cephalograms of 70 orthodontic patients (34 men, 36 women) between 16 and 40 years of age were examined. The sample was divided into 3 groups according to facial growth pattern and overbite. The control group (n = 25) included normodivergent Class I subjects with adequate overbite; the skeletal open-bite Class II group (n = 25) and the skeletal open-bite Class III group (n = 20) included hyperdivergent Class II or Class III subjects with negative overbite. Measurements considered were ANB angle, palatal and mandibular plane angles, maxillary incisor palatal plane angulation, and mandibular incisor mandibular plane angulation, as well as the distance from the palatal or the mandibular plane to the mesial cusp of the molars. Multivariate analysis of covariance and multivariate analysis of variance tests were used to determine the differences between the groups, followed by the Tukey post-hoc test. Additionally, the Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskall-Wallis test were performed.
Significant differences in molar height were found (P <0.001). A 4-mm difference in maxillary molar height between the skeletal open-bite and control groups was found. Mandibular molar height was greater in the skeletal open-bite Class II group (P <0.001). Maxillary incisor palatal plane angulation was greater in the skeletal open-bite Class III group by approximately 6°. Mandibular incisor to mandibular plane angulation was 10° more lingual in the skeletal open-bite Class III group (P <0.001).
The skeletal open-bite groups had greater molar heights than did the control group. The skeletal open-bite Class II group had more eruption of the mandibular molars. The maxillary incisors were more proclined and the mandibular incisors were more lingual in the skeletal open-bite Class III group.
本研究旨在比较骨性安氏Ⅱ类错颌、骨性安氏Ⅲ类错颌患者与未治疗对照组的上颌磨牙高度和切牙倾斜度。
对 70 名 16 至 40 岁正畸患者的治疗前侧位头颅侧位片进行了检查。根据面型生长模式和覆合，将样本分为 3 组。对照组（n=25）包括具有正常生长型、牙合覆盖正常的安氏Ⅰ类患者；骨性安氏Ⅱ类组（n=25）和骨性安氏Ⅲ类组（n=20）包括覆合为负值的高角型安氏Ⅱ类或安氏Ⅲ类患者。所考虑的测量指标包括 ANB 角、上、下颌平面角、上颌切牙腭平面角、下颌切牙与下颌平面的角度，以及从腭平面或下颌平面到磨牙近中颊尖的距离。采用协方差多元分析和方差分析检验来确定组间差异，然后采用 Tukey 事后检验。此外，还进行了 Mann-Whitney U 检验和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验。
磨牙高度存在显著差异（P<0.001）。骨性安氏Ⅱ类组和对照组上颌磨牙高度相差 4mm。骨性安氏Ⅱ类组下颌磨牙高度较大（P<0.001）。骨性安氏Ⅲ类组上颌切牙腭平面角约大 6°。骨性安氏Ⅲ类组下颌切牙与下颌平面的角度更舌倾 10°（P<0.001）。
骨性安氏错颌组的磨牙高度大于对照组。骨性安氏Ⅱ类组下颌磨牙萌出较多。骨性安氏Ⅲ类组上颌切牙更前倾，下颌切牙更舌倾。
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