牛痘病毒的快速传播和免疫逃逸。

Rapid spreading and immune evasion by vaccinia virus.

机构信息

Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, UK,

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2014;808:65-76. doi: 10.1007/978-81-322-1774-9_6.

Abstract

Vaccinia virus (VACV) is the live vaccine that was used to eradicate smallpox, a feat achieved in 1977 and certified by the World Health Organization in 1980. Since 1980, research with VACV has continued in part because of the development of techniques to genetically manipulate VACV and create live VACV strains expressing foreign genes. These recombinant VACVs can be used as live vaccines against other infectious diseases and cancers, and as a powerful tool to study virus pathogenesis, immunology, cell biology, and virus-host interactions. This short article describes two examples of how enduring interest in VACV has revealed new features of VACV biology and the immune system.

摘要

痘苗病毒（VACV）是曾用于消灭天花的活疫苗，这一壮举于 1977 年完成，并于 1980 年得到世界卫生组织的认证。自 1980 年以来，VACV 的研究一直在继续，部分原因是开发了基因操作 VACV 和创建表达外源基因的活 VACV 株的技术。这些重组 VACV 可用于预防其他传染病和癌症的活疫苗，也可作为研究病毒发病机制、免疫学、细胞生物学和病毒-宿主相互作用的强大工具。这篇短文描述了两个例子，说明对 VACV 的持久兴趣揭示了 VACV 生物学和免疫系统的新特征。