National Institute of Public Health and Environment RIVM, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Ministry of Infrastructure and Environment, PO Box 20901, 2500 EX Den Haag, The Netherlands.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Jul 1;485-486:804-809. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.02.081. Epub 2014 Mar 14.
This article presents and discusses the main elements for a fundamental policy change for groundwater management in The Netherlands. The study analyzes the status and current use of groundwater, the increasing pressure in The Netherlands and many other countries on the natural soil-water system, the effects on quality and quantity of groundwater and the use of the subsoil. An overview is given of the current national and European regulations regarding groundwater and related policies for e.g. drinking water, soil policies and other interventions in the subsurface. The Dutch National Government is developing a new framework for groundwater management that aims a sustainable use of groundwater not only in environmental, but also in economic and social perspective. This framework for groundwater will benefit the Structure vision on the subsoil. The question is how 'sustainable use' can be a guiding principle in groundwater management, strengthening the relation between groundwater quantity and quality. It is proposed to define a generic National approach for the assessment of new and existing activities with potential effects on groundwater and for groundwater quality assessment. Additionally it is proposed to give local authorities the opportunity to set area-specific objectives on a regional or local scale to adjust for specific societal needs and area-specific characteristics. For setting these objectives it is recommended to use the concept of ecosystem services as a leading principle for defining the groundwater quality and quantity (e.g. for use as source for drinking water, aquifer thermal storage and sustaining terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems).
本文提出并讨论了荷兰地下水管理基本政策变革的主要要素。该研究分析了地下水的现状和当前用途、荷兰和其他许多国家对自然土壤-水系统的压力不断增加、对地下水质量和数量的影响以及对底土的利用。概述了当前关于地下水的国家和欧洲法规以及与饮用水、土壤政策和其他对地下干预相关的政策。荷兰中央政府正在制定新的地下水管理框架，旨在从环境、经济和社会角度可持续利用地下水。这一地下水框架将有益于底土的结构愿景。问题是如何使“可持续利用”成为地下水管理的指导原则，加强地下水数量与质量之间的关系。建议为具有潜在地下水影响的新的和现有的活动制定一般性国家评估方法，并对地下水质量进行评估。此外，还建议地方当局有机会在区域或地方一级制定特定区域的目标，以适应特定的社会需求和特定区域的特点。建议使用生态系统服务的概念作为定义地下水质量和数量的主导原则（例如，将其用作饮用水、含水层热储存以及维持陆地和水生生态系统的来源）。
