Medina-Solís Carlo Eduardo, Pontigo-Loyola América Patricia, Pérez-Campos Eduardo, Hernández-Cruz Pedro, Ávila-Burgos Leticia, Mendoza-Rodríguez Martha, Maupomé Gerardo
Academic Area of Dentistry of Health Sciences Institute at Autonomous University of Hidalgo State, Pachuca, Hidalgo 42160, Mexico.
Research Centre in Medical and Biological Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, Autonomous University "Benito Juarez" of Oaxaca, Oaxaca 68020, Mexico.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Mar 17;11(3):3169-84. doi: 10.3390/ijerph110303169.
Oral diseases are a major burden on individuals and health systems. The aim of this study was to determine whether consumption of tobacco and alcohol were associated with the prevalence of oral/dental problems in Mexican adults. Using data from the National Performance Evaluation Survey 2003, a cross-sectional study part of the World Health Survey, dental information from a representative sample of Mexico (n = 22,229, N = 51,155,740) was used to document self-reported oral/dental problems in the 12 months prior to the survey. Questionnaires were used to collect information related to sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and other risk factors. Three models were generated for each age group (18-30, 31-45 and 46-98 years). The prevalence of oral/dental conditions was 25.7%. Adjusting for sex, schooling, socioeconomic position, diabetes, and self-reported health, those who used tobacco (sometimes or daily) (OR = 1.15, p = 0.070; OR = 1.24, p < 0.01; and OR = 1.16, p < 0.05, for each age group respectively) or alcohol (moderate or high) (OR = 1.26, p < 0.001; OR = 1.18, p < 0.01 and OR = 1.30, p < 0.001, for each age group respectively) had a higher risk of reporting oral/dental problems. Because tobacco and alcohol use were associated with self-reported oral/dental problems in one out of four adults, it appears advisable to ascertain how direct is such link; more direct effects would lend greater weight to adopting measures to reduce consumption of tobacco and alcohol for the specific purpose of improving oral health.
口腔疾病给个人和卫生系统带来了沉重负担。本研究的目的是确定烟草和酒精消费是否与墨西哥成年人口腔/牙齿问题的患病率相关。利用2003年国家绩效评估调查的数据(世界卫生调查的一项横断面研究部分),来自墨西哥代表性样本(n = 22,229,N = 51,155,740)的牙科信息被用于记录调查前12个月内自我报告的口腔/牙齿问题。问卷用于收集与社会人口统计学、社会经济和其他风险因素相关的信息。为每个年龄组(18 - 30岁、31 - 45岁和46 - 98岁)生成了三个模型。口腔/牙齿疾病的患病率为25.7%。在调整了性别、受教育程度、社会经济地位、糖尿病和自我报告的健康状况后,使用烟草(有时或每天)的人(每个年龄组的OR分别为1.15,p = 0.070;OR = 1.24,p < 0.01;OR = 1.16,p < 0.05)或使用酒精(中度或高度)的人(每个年龄组的OR分别为1.26,p < 0.001;OR = 1.18,p < 0.01;OR = 1.30,p < 0.001)报告口腔/牙齿问题的风险更高。由于四分之一的成年人中烟草和酒精使用与自我报告的口腔/牙齿问题相关,似乎有必要确定这种联系有多直接;更直接的影响将更有力地支持采取措施减少烟草和酒精消费,以专门改善口腔健康。