Ngoupaye Gwladys Temkou, Bum Elisabeth Ngo, Taiwe Germain Sotoing, Moto Fleur Clarisse Okomolo, Talla Emmanuel
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon ; Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2013 Nov 2;11(1):53-61. eCollection 2014.
Gladiolus dalenii Van Geel (Iridaceae) has been used for the treatment of depression and psychotic disorders in African traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the aqueous extract from the corm of Gladiolus dalenii and its possible mechanisms of action.
We assessed the antidepressant properties of G. dalenii corm aqueous extract in mice, using the open field, forced swimming, and tail suspension tests. Spontaneous locomotor activity of mice given various doses of G. dalenii extract (per os) was determined in the open field, whereas immobility was evaluated in the other two tests.
Extract maximal effect was observed at 15 mg/kg, as mice displayed a marked reduction in immobility time in both the forced swimming test (80%) and the tail suspension test (66%). In further studies aimed at investigating the mechanism of action of G. dalenii extract, the latter significantly antagonized the effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA, 75 mg/kg) at both the doses 15 mg/kg (p<0.001) and 150 mg/kg (p=0.004). A significant reduction in immobility time was also observed following treatment with combinations of a sub-effective dose of extract (7.5 mg/kg) with either the NMDA receptor antagonist D-(-)-2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid (D-AP7, 50 mg/kg, P< 0.001), the serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine (5 and 10 mg/kg, P< 0.001 and P< 0.001 respectively), and the multi-target antidepressant imipramine (5 and 10 mg/kg, P< 0.001 and P< 0.001 respectively). Moreover, neither G. dalenii extract alone nor its combinations with NMDA ligands imipramine and fluoxetine enhanced mouse spontaneous locomotor activity.
Altogether, these results suggest that G. dalenii has antidepressant properties, probably mediated through interactions with NMDA, serotonin and/ or noradrenergic systems, and may justify its use in traditional medicine.
剑兰（鸢尾科）在非洲传统医学中被用于治疗抑郁症和精神障碍。本研究的目的是评估剑兰球茎水提取物的作用效果及其可能的作用机制。
我们使用旷场试验、强迫游泳试验和悬尾试验评估了剑兰球茎水提取物对小鼠的抗抑郁特性。在旷场试验中测定给予不同剂量剑兰提取物（口服）的小鼠的自发运动活性，而在另外两个试验中评估不动时间。
在15mg/kg时观察到提取物的最大效果，因为小鼠在强迫游泳试验（80%）和悬尾试验（66%）中的不动时间均显著减少。在进一步旨在研究剑兰提取物作用机制的研究中，该提取物在15mg/kg（p<0.001）和150mg/kg（p=0.004）剂量下均显著拮抗N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA，75mg/kg）的作用。在用亚有效剂量提取物（7.5mg/kg）与NMDA受体拮抗剂D-(-)-2-氨基-7-磷酸庚酸（D-AP7，50mg/kg，P<0.001）、5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂氟西汀（5和10mg/kg，分别为P<0.001和P<0.001）以及多靶点抗抑郁药丙咪嗪（5和10mg/kg，分别为P<0.001和P<o.001）联合治疗后，不动时间也显著减少。此外，单独的剑兰提取物及其与NMDA配体丙咪嗪和氟西汀的组合均未增强小鼠的自发运动活性。
总之，这些结果表明剑兰具有抗抑郁特性，可能通过与NMDA、5-羟色胺和/或去甲肾上腺素能系统相互作用介导，这可能证明其在传统医学中的应用是合理的。
