交通衍生空气污染物对眼表的影响：症状、结膜杯状细胞计数和黏蛋白 5AC 基因表达的分析。

Effects of ambient levels of traffic-derived air pollution on the ocular surface: analysis of symptoms, conjunctival goblet cell count and mucin 5AC gene expression.

机构信息

Division of Ophthalmology and the Laboratory for Investigation in Ophthalmology (LIM-33), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Arnaldo 455, 5th floor, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil.

出版信息

Environ Res. 2014 May;131:59-63. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.014. Epub 2014 Mar 20.

DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2014.02.014

PMID:24657517

Abstract

PURPOSE

To quantify ocular symptoms, goblet cells (GC) and mucin 5AC (MUC5AC) gene expression on the conjunctiva of healthy subjects exposed to ambient levels of traffic-derived air pollution and to estimate its correlation with NO2 and particulate matter smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) levels.

METHODS

Twenty-one taxi drivers or traffic controllers were assessed with the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and conjunctival impression cytology. MUC5AC mRNA levels were determined based on the cytology of the right eye, and GC density was assessed based on the cytology of the left eye. Mean individual levels of 24-h NO2 and PM2.5 exposure were assessed the day before examination. Possible associations between NO2 or PM2.5 levels, OSDI scores, GC densities and MUC5AC mRNA levels were verified.

RESULTS

The subjects were exposed to mean PM2.5 levels of 35±12 μg/m(3) and mean NO2 levels of 189±47 μg/m(3). OSDI scores were low (7.4±8) and GC densities were 521±257 and 782±322 cell/mm(2) on the bulbar and tarsal conjunctivas, respectively. The mean GC-derived MUC5AC mRNA expression was 14±7 fM/μg of total RNA. A significant and positive correlation was observed between MUC5AC mRNA levels and tarsal GC density (p=0.018). A trend toward association between PM2.5 levels and tarsal GC cell density (p=0.052) was found.

CONCLUSION

Exposure to ambient levels of air pollution impacts conjunctival GC density. An increase in MUC5AC mRNA levels may be part of an adaptive ocular surface response to long-term exposure to air pollution.

摘要

目的

量化暴露于环境水平交通相关空气污染下的健康受试者的眼部症状、杯状细胞（GC）和黏蛋白 5AC（MUC5AC）基因表达，并估计其与 NO2 和小于 2.5μm 的颗粒物（PM2.5）水平的相关性。

方法

对 21 名出租车司机或交通指挥员进行眼表面疾病指数（OSDI）问卷调查和结膜印迹细胞学检查。右眼细胞学检查确定 MUC5AC mRNA 水平，左眼细胞学检查评估 GC 密度。前一天评估 24 小时内的个体 NO2 和 PM2.5 暴露的平均水平。验证 NO2 或 PM2.5 水平、OSDI 评分、GC 密度和 MUC5AC mRNA 水平之间的可能关联。

结果

受试者暴露于平均 PM2.5 浓度为 35±12μg/m3和平均 NO2 浓度为 189±47μg/m3。OSDI 评分较低（7.4±8），球结膜和睑结膜的 GC 密度分别为 521±257 和 782±322 细胞/mm2。GC 衍生的 MUC5AC mRNA 表达的平均值为 14±7fM/μg 总 RNA。在 MUC5AC mRNA 水平和睑结膜 GC 密度之间观察到显著的正相关（p=0.018）。发现 PM2.5 水平与睑结膜 GC 细胞密度之间存在关联的趋势（p=0.052）。