Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
J Viral Hepat. 2014 May;21(5):305-13. doi: 10.1111/jvh.12255. Epub 2014 Mar 27.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of acute and chronic liver inflammation worldwide. The immune response against the virus represents a key factor in determining infection outcome, in terms of both viral clearance and the perpetuation of liver damage. Significant advances have recently been achieved regarding the functions of antiviral CD8+ T cells, leading to a better understanding of their abnormalities during chronic infection as well as the pathways to be manipulated to reverse the immune impairment of chronic infection. In this review, we aimed to analyse the patterns of adaptive immunity that develop during acute infection and the profiles in chronic infection. In addition to CD8+ T cells, which are the best-described subset to date, we reviewed and commented on the direct and indirect roles of CD4+ T cells and B cells.
乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 是全球范围内引起急性和慢性肝脏炎症的主要原因。针对该病毒的免疫反应是决定感染结局的关键因素，包括病毒清除和肝脏损伤的持续存在。最近在抗病毒 CD8+ T 细胞的功能方面取得了重大进展，从而更好地了解了慢性感染期间它们的异常情况，以及可以操纵哪些途径来逆转慢性感染的免疫损伤。在这篇综述中，我们旨在分析急性感染期间和慢性感染期间适应性免疫的发展模式。除了迄今为止描述得最好的 CD8+ T 细胞外，我们还回顾和评论了 CD4+ T 细胞和 B 细胞的直接和间接作用。
