University of North Dakota, Department of Psychology, 319 Harvard Street, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
University of North Dakota, Department of Psychology, 319 Harvard Street, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA.
Addict Behav. 2014 Jun;39(6):1100-5. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.03.012. Epub 2014 Mar 12.
Nonmedical prescription stimulant use (NPS) has become an increasing problem for college students across the United States. Many engage in NPS due to the belief that their academic functioning will improve - a belief that rarely extends to other illicit stimulants. Because positive attitudes toward substances potentially predict the maintenance of current and future use, the aim of the current study was to directly compare attitudes toward different stimulants of abuse (prescription stimulants and cocaine) to ascertain whether attitudes were generally more positive as a function of both drug and drug user type. Ninety-one participants completed a brief attitudinal index assessing attitudes for both prescription stimulants and cocaine. Participants held stronger positive attitudes toward prescription stimulants than cocaine on a variety of items. NPS users reported more positive attitudes toward prescription stimulants than both nonusers and cocaine users. Nonusers reported more negative cocaine-related attitudes than cocaine users and polydrug users (users of both prescription stimulants and cocaine). Intervention programs may benefit from highlighting the negative consequences of NPS, particularly by way of comparisons to cocaine. Doing so may heighten awareness on the overlap of adverse outcomes resulting from use between these stimulants.
美国大学生普遍存在非医疗目的使用处方兴奋剂（NPS）的问题。许多人认为使用 NPS 可以提高他们的学习成绩，但这种想法很少适用于其他非法兴奋剂。由于对物质的积极态度可能预示着当前和未来使用的维持，因此本研究的目的是直接比较对不同滥用兴奋剂（处方兴奋剂和可卡因）的态度，以确定态度是否普遍更为积极，这既是药物的作用，也是药物使用者类型的作用。91 名参与者完成了一份简短的态度指数评估，评估了他们对处方兴奋剂和可卡因的态度。参与者在各种项目上对处方兴奋剂的积极态度比可卡因更强。NPS 用户对处方兴奋剂的态度比非使用者和可卡因使用者更积极。非使用者对可卡因的相关态度比可卡因使用者和多药使用者（同时使用处方兴奋剂和可卡因的人）更消极。干预计划可能受益于强调 NPS 的负面后果，特别是通过与可卡因进行比较。这样做可能会提高人们对这些兴奋剂使用所导致的不良后果重叠的认识。
