Translational Oncogenomics Unit, Italian National Cancer Institute 'Regina Elena', Rome, Italy.
Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic & Orthopaedic Sciences, Section of Histology & Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
FEBS Lett. 2014 Aug 19;588(16):2639-52. doi: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.03.033. Epub 2014 Mar 26.
Tumor initiation and progression are the outcomes of a stepwise accumulation of genetic alterations. Among these, gene amplification and aberrant expression of oncogenic proteins, as well as deletion or inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, represent hallmark steps. Mounting evidence collected over the last few years has identified different populations of non-coding RNAs as major players in tumor suppression in almost all cancer types. Elucidating the diverse molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of non-coding RNAs in tumor progression might provide illuminating insights, potentially able to assist improved diagnosis, better staging and effective treatments of human cancers. Here we focus on several groups of tumor suppressor microRNAs, whose downregulation exerts a profound oncologic impact and might be harnessed for the benefit of cancer patients.
肿瘤的发生和发展是遗传改变逐步积累的结果。其中，基因扩增和致癌蛋白的异常表达，以及肿瘤抑制基因的缺失或失活，代表了标志性的步骤。近年来收集的大量证据表明，在几乎所有癌症类型中，不同群体的非编码 RNA 都是肿瘤抑制的主要参与者。阐明非编码 RNA 在肿瘤进展中作用的不同分子机制可能提供有启发性的见解，有可能有助于改善人类癌症的诊断、分期和有效治疗。在这里，我们重点介绍几组肿瘤抑制 microRNAs，它们的下调对肿瘤具有深远的影响，并且可能被用于癌症患者的获益。
