Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University Munich, Department for Nutrition and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Alte Akademie 10, 85350 Freising, Germany.
Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstaedter Landstrasse. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University Munich, Department for Nutrition and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Alte Akademie 10, 85350 Freising, Germany; Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2014 Sep 1;491-492:123-30. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.076. Epub 2014 Apr 13.
Mass fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were calculated for the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in China, based on concentration and discharge data from the Yangtze River. Virtual Organisms (VOs) have been applied during four campaigns in 2008, 2009 (twice) and 2011 at sampling sites distributed from Chongqing to Maoping. The total PAH mass fluxes ranged from 110 to 2,160 mg s(-1). Highest loads were determined at Chongqing with a decreasing trend towards Maoping in all four sampling campaigns. PAH remediation capacity of the TGR was found to be high as the mass flux reduced by more than half from upstream to downstream. Responsible processes are thought to be adsorption of PAH to suspended particles, dilution and degradation. Furthermore, the dependence of PAH concentration upon water depth was investigated at Maoping in front of the Three Gorges Dam. Although considerable differences could be revealed, there was no trend observable. Sampling of water with self-packed filter cartridges confirmed more homogenous PAH depth distribution. Moreover, PAH content of suspended particles was estimated from water concentrations gathered by VOs based on a water-particle separation model and subsequently compared to PAH concentration measured in water and in filter cartridges. It could be shown that the modeled data predicts the concentration caused by particle-bound PAHs to be about 6 times lower than PAHs dissolved in water. Besides, the model estimates the proportions of 5- and 6-ring PAHs being higher than in water phase.
基于长江流量和污染物浓度数据，对中国三峡水库多环芳烃（PAHs）的质量通量进行了计算。虚拟生物传感器（VOs）于 2008 年、2009 年（两次）和 2011 年在重庆至茅坪的采样点进行了四次实地考察。多环芳烃的总质量通量范围为 110 至 2160 mg s(-1)。在所有四次采样中，重庆的负荷最高，呈逐渐下降趋势，至茅坪处最低。三峡水库对多环芳烃具有很强的修复能力，因为从上游到下游，多环芳烃的质量通量减少了一半以上。吸附到悬浮颗粒上、稀释和降解等过程被认为是多环芳烃去除的主要机制。此外，在三峡大坝前的茅坪还研究了多环芳烃浓度与水深的关系。虽然可以发现明显的差异，但没有明显的趋势。使用自封装的滤筒采集水样，证实了多环芳烃在水深方向上的分布更加均匀。此外，还根据水-颗粒物分离模型，利用 VOs 采集的水中浓度数据估算了悬浮颗粒物中的多环芳烃含量，并与水中和滤筒中测量的多环芳烃浓度进行了比较。结果表明，模型数据预测的颗粒物结合态多环芳烃浓度比溶解在水中的多环芳烃浓度低约 6 倍。此外，模型估计的 5 环和 6 环多环芳烃比例高于水相中的比例。
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