Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Medical Center Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
Department of Internal Medicine I, University Medical Center Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany.
J Immunol Res. 2014;2014:897214. doi: 10.1155/2014/897214. Epub 2014 Jan 16.
Tumors of the gastrointestinal system represent a significant share of solid tumors worldwide. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis of gastrointestinal tumors is still very poor and improved therapies are indispensable. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are feasible for an immunotherapeutic approach as they are easily available and have an advantageous biologic profile; they are rapidly proliferating and their high cytotoxicity is non-MHC-restricted. We summarize and discuss twenty recent clinical studies applying CIK cells for the treatment of gastric, pancreatic, hepatocellular, and colorectal cancer. Autologous CIK cells were transfused intravenously, intraperitoneally, or via the common hepatic artery. In all studies side effects and toxicity of CIK cell therapy were mild and easily controllable. The combination of CIK cell therapy with conventional adjuvant or palliative therapies was superior to the standard therapy alone, indicating the benefit of CIK cell therapy for cancer patients. Thus, CIK cells represent a promising immunotherapy for the treatment of gastrointestinal tumors. The optimal treatment schedule and ideal combination with conventional therapies should be evaluated in further clinical studies.
胃肠道系统肿瘤在全球范围内占实体肿瘤的很大一部分。尽管在诊断和治疗方面取得了进展,但胃肠道肿瘤的预后仍然很差,因此需要改进治疗方法。细胞因子诱导的杀伤(CIK)细胞是一种可行的免疫治疗方法,因为它们易于获得且具有有利的生物学特性;它们可以快速增殖,其高细胞毒性不受 MHC 限制。我们总结和讨论了最近 20 项应用 CIK 细胞治疗胃癌、胰腺癌、肝癌和结直肠癌的临床研究。自体 CIK 细胞通过静脉、腹腔或肝总动脉输注。在所有研究中,CIK 细胞治疗的副作用和毒性均较轻,且易于控制。CIK 细胞治疗联合常规辅助或姑息治疗优于单独标准治疗,表明 CIK 细胞治疗对癌症患者有益。因此,CIK 细胞是治疗胃肠道肿瘤的一种很有前途的免疫疗法。应在进一步的临床研究中评估最佳治疗方案和与常规疗法的理想组合。