双相情感障碍，并非罕见的诊断：不同严重程度的亚型、诊断与治疗

Bipolar disorder, not so rare diagnosis: subtypes of different degrees of severity, diagnosis, therapy.

作者信息

Amihăesei Ioana Cristina

出版信息

Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2014 Jan-Mar;118(1):111-5.

Abstract

Bipolar disorder is manifesting as a mood disorder, typically showing episodes of mania, alternating with depressive episodes. The subtypes are including bipolar I disorder (one or several manic episodes) and bipolar II disorder (hypomanic episodes and one or several major depressive episodes). Nevertheless, sub-threshold diagnosis criteria may include another 5.1, up to 6.4% of the population as having a bipolar spectrum disorder diagnosis. Anyone who received the diagnosis is not considered cured afterwards (just in remission). Diagnosis is considering the symptoms of mania, hypomania and depression. Therapy is based on lithium, anticonvulsants, for the manic symptoms, lamotrigine for the depressive episodes and antipsychotics. Under medication, most of the affected subjects are living a normal life; to a certain degree, medication may also prevent the relapses.

摘要

双相情感障碍表现为一种情绪障碍，通常表现为躁狂发作，与抑郁发作交替出现。其亚型包括双相I型障碍（一次或多次躁狂发作）和双相II型障碍（轻躁狂发作和一次或多次重度抑郁发作）。然而，亚阈值诊断标准可能会使另外5.1%至6.4%的人群被诊断为双相谱系障碍。任何被诊断出患有该病的人之后都不被认为是治愈了（只是处于缓解期）。诊断时会考虑躁狂、轻躁狂和抑郁的症状。治疗基于锂盐、抗惊厥药来治疗躁狂症状，拉莫三嗪用于治疗抑郁发作，以及抗精神病药物。在药物治疗下，大多数受影响的患者能够过上正常生活；在一定程度上，药物治疗也可以预防复发。