Capa Rémi L, Duval Céline Z, Blaison Dorine, Giersch Anne
INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Dept of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1, pl de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
INSERM U1114, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Dept of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1, pl de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France; Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.
Schizophr Res. 2014 Jun;156(1):51-5. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2014.04.001. Epub 2014 Apr 24.
The ability to order events in time plays a pervasive role in cognitive functions, but has only rarely been explored in patients with schizophrenia. Results we obtained recently suggested that patients have difficulties following events over time. However, this impairment concerned implicit responses at very short asynchronies, and it is not known whether it generalizes to subjective temporal order judgments. Here, we make a direct comparison between temporal order judgments and simultaneity/asynchrony discrimination in the same patients. Two squares were displayed on the screen either simultaneously or with an asynchrony of 24 to 96ms. In one session 20 patients and 20 controls made a temporal order judgment and in the other they discriminated between simultaneous and asynchronous stimuli. Controls recorded similar performances in the two tasks at asynchronies above 50ms, whereas patients displayed a sizeable impairment in temporal order judgment selectively. This impairment occurred in the easiest conditions, with the largest SOAs (Stimulus Onset Asynchronies) and only in the temporal order judgment. The results are the first evidence that patients with schizophrenia have a selective difficulty determining temporal order, even for asynchronies producing a clear perception of asynchrony. This impairment may mediate difficulties engaging oneself in everyday life events.
对事件进行时间排序的能力在认知功能中起着普遍作用，但在精神分裂症患者中很少被研究。我们最近获得的结果表明，患者在追踪一段时间内的事件方面存在困难。然而，这种损害涉及极短异步情况下的内隐反应，目前尚不清楚它是否会扩展到主观时间顺序判断。在这里，我们对同一患者的时间顺序判断与同时性/异步辨别进行了直接比较。屏幕上会同时显示两个方块，或者两个方块之间的异步时间为24到96毫秒。在一个实验环节中，20名患者和20名对照者进行时间顺序判断，在另一个环节中，他们辨别同时出现和异步出现的刺激。在异步时间超过50毫秒时，对照者在两项任务中的表现相似，而患者在时间顺序判断中表现出明显的选择性损害。这种损害发生在最容易的条件下，即刺激起始异步时间最长时，并且仅出现在时间顺序判断中。这些结果首次证明，精神分裂症患者在确定时间顺序方面存在选择性困难，即使对于能产生明显异步感知的异步时间也是如此。这种损害可能会导致患者在参与日常生活事件时遇到困难。
