Sabagh Leandro T, Rocha Carlos F D
Laboratório de Ecologia de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro, 20550-013, Brazil,
Naturwissenschaften. 2014 Jun;101(6):493-7. doi: 10.1007/s00114-014-1178-y. Epub 2014 May 6.
Aquatic organisms can use many methods of dispersal among discrete freshwater habitats, and phoresy is an important but poorly understood mechanism. Tank bromeliads are small and unconnected habitats used by many animals, and some of them use phoresy for dispersal. Ostracods living in bromeliads used treefrogs as phoretic hosts for dispersal. We investigated the distribution of phoretic ostracods among body parts of treefrogs (Scinax littoreus and Scinax perpusillus), the prevalence and intensity of ostracods (Elpidium sp.) between Scinax species, and the prevalence and mean intensity of ostracods among the frogs in wet vs. dry seasons in two inselbergs areas at Rio de Janeiro State (Brazil). There were significant differences among the body parts occupied by ostracods and between the Scinax species. Seasonal differences were found only for S. littoreus showing greater abundance during the wet season. Additionally, we record Scinax cuspidatus and Thoropa miliaris as new phoretic hosts for Elpidium sp. to use phoresy.
水生生物可以利用多种方式在离散的淡水栖息地之间扩散，而携播是一种重要但尚未得到充分了解的机制。凤梨科植物的叶腋积水处是许多动物利用的小型且相互隔离的栖息地，其中一些动物利用携播进行扩散。生活在凤梨科植物叶腋积水处的介形虫以树蛙作为携播宿主进行扩散。我们调查了携播介形虫在树蛙（滨海琴蛙和小琴蛙）身体各部位的分布情况、介形虫（艾氏介虫属）在不同琴蛙物种间的感染率和感染强度，以及在巴西里约热内卢州两个孤山地区的蛙类中，介形虫在雨季和旱季的感染率及平均感染强度。介形虫占据的身体部位之间以及不同琴蛙物种之间存在显著差异。仅在滨海琴蛙中发现了季节性差异，其在雨季的数量更为丰富。此外，我们记录了尖吻琴蛙和粒疣短头蟾作为艾氏介虫属进行携播的新宿主。
