Cox Nehemiah, Pilling Darrell, Gomer Richard H
Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA.
J Leukoc Biol. 2014 Nov;96(5):739-43. doi: 10.1189/jlb.1MR0114-068R. Epub 2014 May 7.
The pentraxin SAP reduces neutrophil adhesion to ECM proteins, inhibits the differentiation of monocytes into fibrocytes, attenuates profibrotic macrophages, activates the complement pathway, and promotes phagocytosis of cell debris. Together, these effects of SAP regulate key aspects of inflammation and set a threshold for immune cell activation. Here, we present a review of SAP biology with an emphasis on SAP receptor interactions and how the effect of SAP on monocytes and macrophages has been explored to develop this protein as a therapeutic for renal and lung injuries. We also discuss how there remain many unanswered questions about the role of SAP in innate immunity.
五聚素血清淀粉样蛋白P（SAP）可减少中性粒细胞与细胞外基质蛋白的黏附，抑制单核细胞向纤维细胞的分化，减弱促纤维化巨噬细胞的活性，激活补体途径，并促进细胞碎片的吞噬作用。综合来看，SAP的这些作用调节了炎症的关键方面，并为免疫细胞激活设定了阈值。在此，我们对SAP生物学进行综述，重点关注SAP受体相互作用，以及如何通过探索SAP对单核细胞和巨噬细胞的作用，将这种蛋白质开发为治疗肾损伤和肺损伤的药物。我们还讨论了关于SAP在固有免疫中的作用仍有许多未解答的问题。
