Sueur Cédric, Maire Anaïs
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France; Unit of Social Ecology, CP231, Université libre de Bruxelles, Campus Plaine, Brussels, Belgium.
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Département Ecologie, Physiologie et Ethologie, Strasbourg, France; Université de Strasbourg, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France.
PLoS One. 2014 May 15;9(5):e97813. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097813. eCollection 2014.
Group life involves both advantages and disadvantages, meaning that individuals have to compromise between their nutritional needs and their social links. When a compromise is impossible, the group splits in order to reduce conflict of interests and favour positive social interactions between its members. In this study we built a dynamic model of social networks to represent a succession of temporary fissions involving a change in social relations that could potentially lead to irreversible group fission (i.e. no more group fusion). This is the first study that assesses how a social network changes according to group fission-fusion dynamics. We built a model that was based on different parameters: the group size, the influence of nutritional needs compared to social needs, and the changes in the social network after a temporary fission. The results obtained from this theoretical data indicate how the percentage of social relation transfer, the number of individuals and the relative importance of nutritional requirements and social links influence the average number of days before irreversible fission occurs. The greater the nutritional needs and the higher the transfer of social relations during temporary fission, the fewer days will be observed before an irreversible fission. It is crucial to bridge the gap between the individual and the population level if we hope to understand how simple, local interactions may drive ecological systems.
群体生活既有优点也有缺点，这意味着个体必须在其营养需求和社会联系之间做出妥协。当无法达成妥协时，群体就会分裂，以减少利益冲突，并促进其成员之间积极的社会互动。在本研究中，我们构建了一个社交网络动态模型，以呈现一系列涉及社会关系变化的临时分裂，这种变化可能会导致不可逆转的群体分裂（即不再有群体融合）。这是第一项评估社交网络如何根据群体分裂 - 融合动态变化的研究。我们构建了一个基于不同参数的模型：群体规模、营养需求与社会需求相比的影响力，以及临时分裂后社交网络的变化。从这些理论数据中获得的结果表明，社会关系转移的百分比、个体数量以及营养需求和社会联系的相对重要性如何影响不可逆转分裂发生前的平均天数。营养需求越大，临时分裂期间社会关系的转移越高，在不可逆转分裂之前观察到的天数就越少。如果我们希望理解简单的局部互动如何驱动生态系统，弥合个体层面和种群层面之间的差距至关重要。
