Oncology (Williston Park). 2014 Apr;28(4):306-12.
Radiotherapy is an effective tool for the palliation of symptoms commonly caused by prostate cancer. The majority of painful bone metastases respond equally well to single or multiple fractions of external radiotherapy. Retreatment with a second course of radiation induces pain responses in approximately 50% of patients. For more diffuse metastases, either hemibody radiation or systemic radiopharmaceuticals can reduce pain, and radium-223 is associated with improved survival in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer. Hematuria, bladder outlet obstruction, and rectal compression are all improved with palliative radiotherapy. The ability of stereotactic body radiation therapy to reduce pain compared with standard external radiation is being investigated, as is its role in treating those with limited metastatic disease.
放射治疗是缓解前列腺癌常见症状的有效手段。大多数疼痛性骨转移对单次或多次外放射治疗反应良好。约 50%的患者在接受第二次放射治疗后会出现疼痛反应。对于更广泛的转移，可以采用半身放射治疗或全身放射性药物来减轻疼痛，镭-223可改善去势抵抗性前列腺癌患者的生存。姑息性放射治疗可改善血尿、膀胱出口梗阻和直肠压迫等症状。目前正在研究立体定向体部放射治疗与标准外放射治疗相比减轻疼痛的效果，以及其在治疗有限转移性疾病中的作用。
