Grabbe Jeremy W
Psychology Department, State University of New York, Plattsburgh, USA.
Adv Cogn Psychol. 2014 Feb 20;10(1):1-8. doi: 10.2478/v10053-008-0150-9. eCollection 2014.
Visual search performance can be negatively affected when both targets and distracters share a dimension relevant to the task. This study examined if visual search performance would be influenced by distracters that affect a dimension irrelevant from the task. In Experiment 1 within the letter string of a letter search task, target letters were embedded within a word. Experiment 2 compared targets embedded in words to targets embedded in nonwords. Experiment 3 compared targets embedded in words to a condition in which a word was present in a letter string, but the target letter, although in the letter string, was not embedded within the word. The results showed that visual search performance was negatively affected when a target appeared within a high frequency word. These results suggest that the interaction and effectiveness of distracters is not merely dependent upon common features of the target and distracters, but can be affected by word frequency (a dimension not related to the task demands).
当目标物和干扰物共享与任务相关的维度时，视觉搜索性能可能会受到负面影响。本研究考察了影响与任务无关维度的干扰物是否会影响视觉搜索性能。在字母搜索任务的字母串实验1中，目标字母嵌入在一个单词中。实验2将嵌入在单词中的目标与嵌入在非单词中的目标进行了比较。实验3将嵌入在单词中的目标与字母串中存在一个单词但目标字母虽在字母串中却未嵌入该单词的情况进行了比较。结果表明，当目标出现在高频单词中时，视觉搜索性能会受到负面影响。这些结果表明，干扰物的相互作用和有效性不仅取决于目标物和干扰物的共同特征，还可能受到词频（与任务要求无关的维度）的影响。
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