Wang Lin, He Chang Zhi, Yu Yun Miao, Qiu Xiao Hui, Yang Xiu Xian, Qiao Zheng Xue, Sui Hong, Zhu Xiong Zhao, Yang Yan Jie
Psychology Department, Public Health Institute, Harbin Medical University, 157 Baojian Road, Nangang, Harbin 150081, China.
BMC Public Health. 2014 Jun 3;14:551. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-551.
Although there are accumulating data regarding the epidemiology of suicide in China, there are meager data on suicidal ideation and attempts among college students. Interestingly, elevated impulsivity is thought to facilitate the transition from suicidal thoughts to suicidal behavior. Therefore, the objective of this research was to identify the associations between suicide and the personality factors of impulsivity and aggression.
This study's sampling method employed stratified random cluster sampling. A multi-stage stratified sampling procedure was used to select participants (n = 5,245). We conducted structured interviews regarding a range of socio-demographic characteristics and suicidal morbidity. The Patient Health Questionnaire depression module (PHQ-9) was used to acquire the information about thoughts of being better off dead or hurting themselves in some ways during the past two weeks. The impulsivity symptoms in this study were assessed with the BIS-11-CH (i.e., the Chinese version of the BIS-11), and the Aggressive symptoms were assessed with the BAQ. The statistical package for social science (SPSS) v.13.0 program (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used for statistical analysis. Socio-demographic variables such as ethnic and gender were compared between groups, through the use of χ2 tests. The nonparametric test (k Independent Sample test, Kruskal-Wallis H) was performed to determine differences between the personality factors of impulsivity and aggression and suicide.
In total, 9.1% (n = 479) of the 5,245 students reported they have ever thought about committing suicide; and 1% (n = 51) reported a history of attempted suicide (attempters). The analyses detected significant differences in scores on cognitive impulsivity (p < 0.01), when comparing individuals who only had suicidal ideation and individuals who had attempted suicide. Moreover, significant differences were found between ideators only and attempters on scores of self-oriented attack (p < .001).
Suicidal ideation is prevalent among Chinese university students. Students with high aggression scores were more susceptible to committing suicide. Scores on self-oriented attack and cognitive impulsivity may be important factors for differentially predicting suicide ideation and suicide attempts.
尽管关于中国自杀流行病学的数据不断积累，但大学生自杀意念和自杀未遂的数据却很少。有趣的是，冲动性增强被认为有助于从自杀念头转变为自杀行为。因此，本研究的目的是确定自杀与冲动性和攻击性人格因素之间的关联。
本研究的抽样方法采用分层随机整群抽样。采用多阶段分层抽样程序选取参与者（n = 5245）。我们就一系列社会人口学特征和自杀发病率进行了结构化访谈。使用患者健康问卷抑郁模块（PHQ - 9）获取过去两周内关于觉得死了更好或有某种方式伤害自己的想法的信息。本研究中的冲动性症状用BIS - 11 - CH（即BIS - 11中文版）进行评估，攻击性症状用BAQ进行评估。使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）v.13.0程序（SPSS公司，美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥）进行统计分析。通过χ2检验比较不同组之间的社会人口学变量，如种族和性别。进行非参数检验（k独立样本检验、Kruskal - Wallis H检验）以确定冲动性和攻击性人格因素与自杀之间的差异。
在5245名学生中，共有9.1%（n = \alpha）报告曾有过自杀念头；1%（n = 51）报告有自杀未遂史（自杀未遂者）。分析发现，在比较仅有自杀意念的个体和有自杀未遂经历的个体时，认知冲动性得分存在显著差异（p < 0.01）。此外，在仅有的有自杀意念者和自杀未遂者之间，自我导向攻击得分也存在显著差异（p < 0.001）。
自杀意念在中国大学生中普遍存在。攻击性得分高的学生更容易自杀。自我导向攻击得分和认知冲动性得分可能是差异预测自杀意念和自杀未遂的重要因素。
