Boelens H, Kop P F, Slangen J L
Leiden University, Hooigracht 15, 2312 KM Leiden.
Brabant University, Hogeschoollaan 225, 5000 LE Tilburg.
Behav Processes. 1989;18(1-3):87-97. doi: 10.1016/S0376-6357(89)80007-5. Epub 2014 Apr 15.
Four homing pigeons were exposed to concurrent variable-interval 40-s variable-interval 120-s schedules of reinforcement with changeover delays of five durations (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 s). The changeover delays of non-zero durations were presented with and without blackout of the experimental chamber in different conditions. Blackout eliminated or strongly reduced responding during the changeover delay. It decreased the run length of responding after the changeover delay in the variable-interval 120-s component, but it had no systematic effects on the run length after the changeover delay in the variable-interval 40-s component. In both components, the run lengths after the changeover delay increased with the duration of the delay. Blackout increased deviations from response matching, computed from measures of responding after the changeover delay. The deviations increased with the duration of the changeover delay. The reults suggest that the finding of overmatching with procedures other than the changeover delay does not depend exclusively on the absence of responding in the interval that elapses between initiation of the change to an alternative and the first response eligible for reinforcement.
四只信鸽被置于同时进行的可变间隔40秒和可变间隔120秒的强化程序中，转换延迟有五个时长（0、1、2、4和8秒）。在不同条件下，非零时长的转换延迟在实验箱有遮光和无遮光的情况下呈现。遮光消除或大幅减少了转换延迟期间的反应。它缩短了可变间隔120秒成分中转换延迟后的反应时长，但对可变间隔40秒成分中转换延迟后的反应时长没有系统性影响。在两个成分中，转换延迟后的反应时长都随延迟时长增加。遮光增加了根据转换延迟后的反应测量计算出的反应匹配偏差。偏差随转换延迟时长增加。结果表明，用除转换延迟之外的程序发现过度匹配并不完全取决于从转换到另一个选择开始到第一个符合强化条件的反应之间的间隔内没有反应。
