Castillo Mariana Ulhôa, Barros Marina Carvalho de Moraes, Guinsburg Ruth
Division of Neonatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (EPM-Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2014 Sep;99(5):F402-7. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2013-305626. Epub 2014 Jun 6.
Compare the habituation responses to external stimuli between preterm infants at the postconceptual age of 40 weeks and term infants in the first days of life, and evaluate the habituation responses of the preterm infants until the age of 40 postconceptual weeks.
Prospective cohort study of preterm infants aged <32 weeks. The habituation responses to light, rattle, bell and tactile stimuli of preterm infants were assessed at 32, 34, 36 and 38-40 postconceptual weeks. External stimuli were presented and responses were scored according to Lester and Tronik (2004). Habituation scores were compared between preterm and term infants, matched by sex, using t test. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the responses between the different postconceptual gestational ages. Contrast models were used to verify the differences between the habituation responses according to the type of stimulus and the postconceptual ages.
51 preterm infants were studied (gestational age 29.4±2.4w; birth weight 1230±323 g). The scores for the habituation responses to the four stimuli progressively increased with advancing postconceptual age. At the age of 40 postconceptual weeks, the preterm infants were habituated to external stimuli similarly to the 51 studied term infants. The preterm infants showed higher habituation response scores for the rattle and bell stimuli than for the light and tactile stimuli.
Preterm infants improve their habituation responses to external stimuli as their postconceptual age increases, and, at 40 weeks of corrected age, they have similar responses to those exhibited by full-term infants in the first days of life.
比较孕龄40周的早产儿与足月儿出生后最初几天对外部刺激的习惯化反应，并评估早产儿至孕龄40周时的习惯化反应。
对孕周<32周的早产儿进行前瞻性队列研究。在孕龄32、34、36和38 - 40周时评估早产儿对光、拨浪鼓、铃铛和触觉刺激的习惯化反应。根据Lester和Tronik（2004年）的方法呈现外部刺激并对反应进行评分。采用t检验比较性别匹配的早产儿和足月儿的习惯化得分。重复测量方差分析用于比较不同孕龄之间的反应。对比模型用于验证根据刺激类型和孕龄的习惯化反应之间的差异。
研究了51例早产儿（孕周29.4±2.4周；出生体重1230±323克）。对四种刺激的习惯化反应得分随着孕龄的增加而逐渐增加。在孕龄40周时，早产儿对外部刺激的习惯化情况与51例研究中的足月儿相似。早产儿对拨浪鼓和铃铛刺激的习惯化反应得分高于对光和触觉刺激的得分。
随着孕龄增加，早产儿对外部刺激的习惯化反应有所改善，在矫正年龄40周时，他们的反应与足月儿出生后最初几天的反应相似。
