Image-guided intraoperative radiation therapy: current developments and future perspectives.

Intraoperative electron beam radiation therapy (IOERT) procedures involve the delivery of radiation to a target area during surgery by means of a specific applicator. This treatment is currently planned by means of specific systems that incorporate tools for both surgical simulation and radiation dose distribution estimation. Although the planning step improves treatment quality and facilitates follow-up, the actual position of the patient, the applicator and other tools during the surgical procedure is unknown. Image-guided navigation technologies could be introduced in IOERT treatments, but an innovative solution that overcomes the limitations of these systems in complex surgical scenarios is needed. A recent publication describes a multi-camera optical tracking system integrated in IOERT workflow. This technology has shown appropriate accuracy in phantom experiments, and could also be of interest in other surgical interventions, where the restrictions solved by this system are also present.