Ugochukwu Uzochukwu C, Manning David A C, Fialips Claire I
School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Drummond Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
School of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, Drummond Building, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom.
J Environ Manage. 2014 Nov 1;144:197-202. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.06.002. Epub 2014 Jun 21.
The role of organoclays in hydrocarbon removal during biodegradation was investigated in aqueous clay/oil microcosm experiments with a hydrocarbon degrading microorganism community. The clays used for this study were Na-montmorillonite and saponite. These two clays were treated with didecyldimethylammonium bromide to produce organoclays which were used in this study. The study indicated that clays with high cation exchange capacity (CEC) such as Na-montmorillonite produced an organomontmorillonite that was inhibitory to biodegradation of the crude oil hydrocarbons. Extensive hydrophobic interaction between the organic phase of the organoclay and the crude oil hydrocarbons is suggested to render the hydrocarbons unavailable for biodegradation. However, untreated Na-montmorillonite was stimulatory to biodegradation of the hydrocarbons and is believed to have done so because of its high surface area for the accumulation of microbes and nutrients making it easy for the microbes to access the nutrients. This study indicates that unlike unmodified montmorillonites, organomontmorillonite may not serve any useful purpose in the bioremediation of crude oil spill sites where hydrocarbon removal by biodegradation is desired within a rapid time period.
在含有烃降解微生物群落的水相黏土/油微观实验中，研究了有机黏土在生物降解过程中对烃去除的作用。本研究使用的黏土为钠蒙脱石和皂石。这两种黏土用二癸基二甲基溴化铵处理以制备本研究中使用的有机黏土。研究表明，具有高阳离子交换容量（CEC）的黏土，如钠蒙脱石，产生的有机蒙脱石对原油烃的生物降解具有抑制作用。有机黏土的有机相与原油烃之间广泛的疏水相互作用表明，这使得烃无法用于生物降解。然而，未处理的钠蒙脱石对烃的生物降解具有促进作用，据信这是因为其具有高表面积，可用于微生物和养分的积累，使微生物易于获取养分。本研究表明，与未改性的蒙脱石不同，在期望在短时间内通过生物降解去除烃的原油泄漏场地生物修复中，有机蒙脱石可能没有任何有益作用。
