Jhanji Shalini, Sadana Upkar Singh, Shankar Arun, Shukla Arvind Kumar
Indian J Exp Biol. 2014 Jun;52(6):650-7.
Manganese deficiency in wheat has become an important nutritional disorder particularly in alkaline calcareous soils where rice-wheat rotation is followed. This experiment was aimed to study the mechanism of Mn efficiency during various developmental stages in six wheat cultivars grown at two Mn levels viz. 0 and 50 mg Mn kg(-1) soil (Mnapplied as MnSO4 x H20) in pots. The Mn vegetative efficiency calculated on the basis of shoot dry weight at anthesis indicated HD 2967 and PBW 550 (bread wheat) as Mn efficient and durums as Mn inefficient. The efficient cultivars recorded highest values for influx, uptake, shoot dry weight, leaf area/plant, SPAD index, F(v)/F(m)ratio and root length that explained their higher efficiencies whereas inefficiency of durum cultivars was attributed to their smaller roots and lower influx. Under Mn deficiency, PDW 314 and PDW 291 retained 68% and 64%, respectively, of total Mn uptake in vegetative parts (stem and leaves) and lowest in grains 7% and 5%, respectively, whereas PBW 550, BW 9178 and HD 2967 retained 29, 37 and 34% in vegetative parts, and 21, 17 and 15 % in grains, respectively at maturity. Higher utilization efficiency of efficient genotypes also indicated that increased Mn uptake with Mn supply produced more efficiently grains in efficient genotypes but vegetative parts in inefficient genotypes. Hence Mn efficiency of a cultivar could be explained by longer roots, higher uptake, influx and efficiency index during vegetative phase and higher grain yield and utilization efficiency during generative phase.
小麦缺锰已成为一种重要的营养失调问题，尤其是在实行稻麦轮作的碱性石灰性土壤中。本试验旨在研究六个小麦品种在两个锰水平（即0和50毫克锰/千克土壤，以硫酸锰·水合物形式施锰）的盆栽条件下，不同发育阶段锰效率的机制。根据开花期地上部干重计算的锰营养效率表明，HD 2967和PBW 550（面包小麦）为锰高效品种，硬粒小麦为锰低效品种。高效品种在流入量、吸收量、地上部干重、单株叶面积、SPAD指数、F(v)/F(m)比值和根长方面记录了最高值，这解释了它们较高的效率，而硬粒小麦品种的低效归因于其较小的根系和较低的流入量。在缺锰条件下，PDW 314和PDW 291在营养器官（茎和叶）中分别保留了总锰吸收量的68%和64%，在籽粒中最低，分别为7%和5%，而PBW 550、BW 9178和HD 2967在成熟期营养器官中分别保留了29%、37%和34%，在籽粒中分别保留了21%、17%和15%。高效基因型较高的利用效率还表明，随着锰供应增加，锰吸收量增加，高效基因型能更有效地生产籽粒，而低效基因型则是营养器官。因此，一个品种的锰效率可以通过营养生长期较长的根系、较高的吸收量、流入量和效率指数以及生殖生长期较高的籽粒产量和利用效率来解释。
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