Londoño-Franco Ángela Liliana, Loaiza-Herrera Juliana, Lora-Suárez Fabiana María, Gómez-Marín Jorge Enrique
Grupo de In vestigación en Salud Pública, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Programa de Medicina, Universidad del Quindío.
Grupo GEPAMOL, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Quindío.
Biomedica. 2014 Apr-Jun;34(2):218-27. doi: 10.1590/S0120-41572014000200008.
There are no reports of the potential sources of Blastocystis sp . in Colombia.
To estimate the frequency of Blastocystis sp . and explore possible associations among infection, clinical manifestations and environmental sources.
A descriptive study was conducted; a representative sample was calculated from a population of 1,993 children less than 5 years old of the lowest socioeconomic levels (1 and 2) attending day care centers in Calarcá, Colombia. The calculated sample size was 275 children, who were selected randomly in 10 % of the centers. Stool testing, questionnaires and sampling to identify the parasite in feces, nails, pets and environmental sources, were performed. Fresh preparations were made with 1% iodine solution, and a concentration technique with formalin-ether was used. Prevalence and odd ratios were estimated; the chi-square test was utilized for qualitative variables, and Student's t for the quantitative ones.
The prevalence of infection in children was of 57.5%. A statistically significant association was found between the Blastocystis sp . positive stool tests and the presence of the parasite in containers of sugar cane beverage (OR=1.70; 95% CI: 1.05-2.79), wood or ground floors (OR=3.43; 95% CI: 1.12-10.48) and in foods other than bottled milk (OR=3.23; 95% CI: 1.41-4.41). A non-significant high prevalence was found in nails (OR=1.62; 95% CI: 0.99-2.67), as well as a significantly higher prevalence of diarrhea (OR=1.95; 95% CI: 0.99-2.77) in children with Blastocystis sp . (45%) as compared with those without the parasite (33%; p<0.05).
Blastocystis sp . showed a significant association with diarrhea symptoms in children 0 to 5 years old and was widely distributed in the environment and in water. It is necessary to determine if there are specific hosts with pathogenic potential through molecular techniques.
在哥伦比亚，尚无关于芽囊原虫潜在来源的报道。
估计芽囊原虫的感染率，并探讨感染、临床表现与环境来源之间的可能关联。
开展一项描述性研究；从哥伦比亚卡拉克市社会经济水平最低（1级和2级）的1993名5岁以下儿童中计算出代表性样本，这些儿童在日托中心接受照料。计算得出的样本量为275名儿童，他们是从10%的日托中心中随机选取的。进行了粪便检测、问卷调查以及对粪便、指甲、宠物和环境来源中的寄生虫进行采样。用1%碘溶液制作新鲜涂片，并采用福尔马林 - 乙醚浓缩技术。估计患病率和比值比；定性变量采用卡方检验，定量变量采用学生t检验。
儿童感染率为57.5%。在芽囊原虫阳性粪便检测与甘蔗饮料容器中存在寄生虫（比值比 = 1.70；95%置信区间：1.05 - 2.79）、木地板或地面（比值比 = 3.43；95%置信区间：1.12 - 10.48）以及瓶装牛奶以外的食物中存在寄生虫（比值比 = 3.23；95%置信区间：1.41 - 4.41）之间发现了具有统计学意义的关联。在指甲中发现患病率较高但无统计学意义（比值比 = 1.62；95%置信区间：0.99 - 2.67），并且与未感染寄生虫的儿童（33%；p<0.05）相比，感染芽囊原虫的儿童腹泻患病率显著更高（比值比 = 1.95；95%置信区间：0.99 - 2.77）。
芽囊原虫在0至5岁儿童中与腹泻症状存在显著关联，并且在环境和水中广泛分布。有必要通过分子技术确定是否存在具有致病潜力的特定宿主。
