Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Dublin 2, Ireland,
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2014;380:145-55. doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-43492-5_7.
Recent studies have shown an important interplay between Interleukin 10 (IL-10) and microRNAs. IL-10 can be directly post-transcriptionally regulated by several microRNA, including miR-106a, miR-4661, miR-98, miR-27, let7 and miR-1423p/5p. miRNA targeting of IL-10 has been suggested to play a role in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as SLE, reperfusion injury and asthma. Another miRNA, miR-21, has been shown to indirectly regulate IL-10 via downregulation of the IL-10 inhibitor PDCD4. The targeting of IL-10 in this way has been linked to host defence modulation by Mycobacterium leprae. Viral miRNAs, such as miR-K12-3 from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), can also decrease IL-10 to promote tumour development. Finally this interplay can operate in a feedback loop, with IL-10 capable of regulating microRNAs, upregulating those that can contribute to exerting the anti-inflammatory response, such as miR-187, and downregulating those that are highly pro-inflammatory, such as miR-155. Understanding the two-way regulation between miRNA and IL-10 is giving rise to new insights into this important cytokine.
最近的研究表明白细胞介素 10（IL-10）和 microRNA 之间存在重要的相互作用。几种 microRNA，包括 miR-106a、miR-4661、miR-98、miR-27、let7 和 miR-1423p/5p，可以直接对 IL-10 进行转录后调控。microRNA 靶向 IL-10 被认为在自身免疫和炎症性疾病中发挥作用，如系统性红斑狼疮、再灌注损伤和哮喘。另一种 microRNA，miR-21，已被证明通过下调 IL-10 抑制剂 PDCD4 间接调节 IL-10。以这种方式靶向 IL-10 与麻风分枝杆菌的宿主防御调节有关。病毒 microRNA，如卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）的 miR-K12-3，也可以降低 IL-10 以促进肿瘤发展。最后，这种相互作用可以在反馈回路中进行，IL-10 能够调节 microRNA，上调那些有助于发挥抗炎反应的 microRNA，如 miR-187，并下调那些高度促炎的 microRNA，如 miR-155。理解 microRNA 和 IL-10 之间的双向调节正在为这种重要细胞因子提供新的见解。
