Pisanti Simona, Picardi Paola, Ciaglia Elena, D'Alessandro Alba, Bifulco Maurizio
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Italy.
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Italy.
Pharmacol Res. 2014 Oct;88:84-98. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.06.013. Epub 2014 Jul 5.
Statins are well known competitive inhibitors of hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase enzyme (HMG-CoA reductase), thus traditionally used as cholesterol-lowering agents. In recent years, more and more effects of statins have been revealed. Nowadays alterations of lipid metabolism have been increasingly recognized as a hallmark of cancer cells. Consequently, much attention has been directed toward the potential of statins as therapeutic agents in the oncological field. Accumulated in vitro and in vivo clinical evidence point out the role of statins in a variety of human malignancies, in regulating tumor cell growth and anti-tumor immune response. Herein, we summarize and discuss, in light of the most recent observations, the anti-tumor effects of statins, underpinning the detailed mode of action and looking for their true significance in cancer prevention and treatment, to determine if and in which case statin repositioning could be really justified for neoplastic diseases.
他汀类药物是羟甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶（HMG-CoA还原酶）广为人知的竞争性抑制剂，因此传统上用作降胆固醇药物。近年来，他汀类药物越来越多的作用被揭示出来。如今，脂质代谢改变日益被认为是癌细胞的一个标志。因此，他汀类药物作为肿瘤学领域治疗药物的潜力受到了广泛关注。体外和体内积累的临床证据表明，他汀类药物在多种人类恶性肿瘤中发挥作用，可调节肿瘤细胞生长和抗肿瘤免疫反应。在此，我们根据最新观察结果，总结并讨论他汀类药物的抗肿瘤作用，深入探讨其详细作用模式，并探寻它们在癌症预防和治疗中的真正意义，以确定他汀类药物重新定位用于肿瘤疾病是否合理以及在何种情况下合理。
